DNA fingerprinting refers to molecular analysis of profiles of DNA samples. It is a technique used to identify and compare the genetic information of individuals. DNA fingerprinting has revolutionized forensic science and has applications in various fields such as paternity testing, criminal investigations, and genetic research.

Molecular Analysis of DNA Samples:
DNA fingerprinting involves the analysis of specific regions of an individual's DNA called variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs). These regions contain repetitive DNA sequences that vary in length and are unique to each individual. By analyzing these regions, scientists can create a DNA profile or fingerprint that is specific to an individual.

Process of DNA Fingerprinting:
1. DNA Isolation: The first step in DNA fingerprinting is to extract DNA from the sample. This can be done using various techniques such as phenol-chloroform extraction or commercial DNA extraction kits.

2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR is used to amplify specific regions of DNA. Primers, which are short DNA sequences that flank the target region, are used to selectively amplify the VNTR or STR regions of interest.

3. Gel Electrophoresis: The amplified DNA fragments are separated based on their size using gel electrophoresis. The DNA fragments are loaded onto a gel and an electric current is applied. The smaller fragments move faster through the gel, while the larger fragments move slower. This creates a banding pattern on the gel.

4. DNA Visualization: The DNA fragments are visualized using techniques such as ethidium bromide staining or fluorescent dyes. The banding pattern on the gel represents the DNA fingerprint of the individual.

5. DNA Analysis: The DNA fingerprint can be compared with other DNA samples to determine relationships or identify individuals. The banding patterns are analyzed by measuring the size and intensity of the DNA fragments.

Advantages of DNA Fingerprinting:
- High degree of accuracy and reliability
- Can be used to identify individuals even with small DNA samples
- Useful in criminal investigations and paternity testing
- Can be used to study genetic diseases and population genetics

In conclusion, DNA fingerprinting is a molecular analysis technique that allows for the identification and comparison of genetic information in individuals. It has numerous applications in forensic science, paternity testing, and genetic research.