Which one of the following states mostly has laterite soil?[2010, 2011 (T-1)]a)Uttar Pradeshb)Biharc)Rajasthand)MeghalayaCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Laterite soil is found in areas of high temperature, and high rainfall. These soils have mainly developed in the higher areas of peninsular plateau. Laterite soils are found mainly in the states of Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and the hilly regions of Orissa and Assam.

Answer

The Correct Answer is Option D
Meghalaya has laterite soil
Here are some important things about Laterite Soil
- Laterite soil is not suitable for cultivation because it is acidic in nature and does not retain moisture.

- The soil which is prone to intensive leaching due to rain is Laterite Soil

- The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperatures and heavy rain.

- Humus content of the soil is low because most of the microorganisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.

You can learn about Soil Formation and Classification of Soil by going through the doc:

Chapter Notes - Resources and Development

https://edurev.in/studytube/chapter-notes-resources-and-development/e5434081-3282-4e69-9cbd-385390a0b642_t

Answer

Laterite soil in Meghalaya

Laterite soil is a type of soil that is formed in hot and humid tropical regions. It is rich in iron and aluminum oxides and is characterized by its red or orange color. This soil type is primarily found in areas with heavy rainfall and high temperatures.

Reasons why Meghalaya has laterite soil:

1. Climate: Meghalaya is located in the northeastern part of India and receives heavy rainfall throughout the year. The high amount of rainfall and hot and humid climate contribute to the formation of laterite soil.

2. Vegetation: The dense vegetation cover in Meghalaya also plays a role in the formation of laterite soil. The decaying organic matter from the abundant plant growth provides necessary nutrients for the soil formation process.

3. Chemical weathering: The chemical weathering of rocks and minerals in Meghalaya's hilly terrain contributes to the formation of laterite soil. The continuous breakdown of rocks over time releases minerals and nutrients that accumulate in the soil.

4. Leaching: The heavy rainfall in Meghalaya leads to leaching, which is the process of nutrients being washed away from the soil. This leaching process helps in the concentration of iron and aluminum oxides, which are characteristic of laterite soil.

Alternative options:

a) Uttar Pradesh: Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India and is known for its fertile alluvial soil. Alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of sediments brought by rivers and is different from laterite soil.

b) Bihar: Bihar is also a state in northern India and is known for its fertile alluvial soil. Similar to Uttar Pradesh, Bihar does not have laterite soil.

c) Rajasthan: Rajasthan is a state in western India and is known for its arid and semi-arid climate. The soil found in Rajasthan is predominantly desert soil, which is different from laterite soil.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' - Meghalaya.

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