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C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants due to: [2010]

  • a)
    Higher leaf area

  • b)
    Lower rate of photorespiration 

  • c)
    Presence of thin cuticle

  • d)


    Presence of larger number of chloroplasts in the leaf cells

Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants due to: ...
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C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants due to: ...
Photorespuration is negligible in C4 plants...so;its not the option....& C4 plants have more no. of chloroplast in them when compared to C3 plants..So;option B is true..
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C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants due to: ...
Understanding C4 and C3 Photosynthesis
C4 plants exhibit higher photosynthetic efficiency than C3 plants primarily due to their unique mechanisms in carbon fixation, particularly involving a lower rate of photorespiration.
What is Photorespiration?
- Photorespiration is a process where the enzyme RuBisCO oxygenates RuBP, leading to a wasteful pathway that consumes energy and releases fixed carbon dioxide.
- This typically occurs in C3 plants, especially under conditions of high light intensity, high temperatures, and low carbon dioxide concentrations.
Efficiency of C4 Plants
- C4 plants, such as maize and sugarcane, have developed a specialized pathway to minimize photorespiration.
- They possess a unique anatomy, including mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, that separates the initial carbon fixation from the Calvin cycle.
Mechanism of C4 Photosynthesis
- In C4 plants, carbon dioxide is first fixed into a four-carbon compound (oxaloacetate) in the mesophyll cells.
- This compound is then converted into malate or aspartate, which is transported to the bundle sheath cells.
- Here, the carbon dioxide is released and re-fixed in the Calvin cycle, significantly reducing the chances of photorespiration.
Advantages of Lower Photorespiration
- By minimizing photorespiration, C4 plants can maintain a higher rate of photosynthesis, especially under unfavorable environmental conditions.
- This adaptation leads to greater productivity and efficiency in capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy.
In summary, the lower rate of photorespiration in C4 plants allows them to outperform C3 plants in photosynthesis, particularly in warm and dry climates.
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