Explanation:

Madras is present-day Chennai. It is the capital city of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. Chennai is one of the major cultural, economic and educational centers of South India.

History:

The history of Chennai dates back to the 1st century AD when it was a part of the Pallava Kingdom. Later, it was ruled by various dynasties including Cholas, Pandyas, and Vijayanagara Empire. In the 16th century, the Portuguese established a settlement in Chennai. Later, the British East India Company established a trading post in Chennai in 1639. It was during the British rule that Chennai developed into a major city.

Geography:

Chennai is located on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It has an area of 426 square kilometers and a population of over 7 million people. The city is divided into four zones - North, South, Central, and West. The major rivers that flow through Chennai are the Cooum and Adyar.

Economy:

Chennai is one of the major economic centers of South India. The city has a diversified economy with industries such as automobile, software development, hardware manufacturing, and healthcare. The automobile industry is one of the major contributors to the economy of Chennai. The city is known as the "Detroit of South Asia" due to the presence of major automobile manufacturers such as Hyundai, Ford, BMW, and Renault-Nissan.

Culture:

Chennai is known for its rich cultural heritage. The city has a vibrant music and dance scene with the famous Carnatic music and Bharatanatyam dance forms originating from this region. The annual Madras Music Season is a popular event that attracts music lovers from all over the world. The city is also known for its traditional cuisine, which includes dishes such as idli, dosa, and sambar.

Tourism:

Chennai has many tourist attractions such as historical monuments, beaches, temples, and museums. The most popular tourist attractions in the city are the Marina Beach, Kapaleeswarar Temple, Fort St. George, Government Museum, and Santhome Cathedral. Chennai is also a gateway to other popular tourist destinations in South India such as Mahabalipuram, Pondicherry, and Kanchipuram.