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John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, two prominent public figures associated with the Great Depression that started with the collapse of the stock market in 1929, both proposed different ways to restore the economy. Keynes, an economist from Cambridge, believed that the government should intervene in the situation, whereas Hayek, a professor from Austria, maintained that government involvement would be futile.
Although Hayek almost singlehandedly established the distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics, engineering the transfer from classical economics to the more practical and application-oriented methodology of mathematical economics, his solution for emerging from the Great Depression was underestimated in the light of Keynes’ contribution to economic theory. In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
  • a)
    contrast two solutions to the same issue. 
  • b)
    establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another. 
  • c)
    prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's. 
  • d)
    outline different approaches to a historical problem.
  • e)
    contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for one
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, two prominent public figures ...
Passage Analysis
Summary and Main Point
Pre-Thinking
This is a Main Idea question. The correct answer must be broad enough to encompass all of the content of the passage without veering outside the scope.
Let’s review the summaries of the two paragraphs to get to the main point of the passage. The first paragraph contrasts the different solutions presented by Keynes and Hayek to deal with the Great Depression. In the second passage, the author makes a statement about how Hayek’s work went underappreciated and presents the reason for the same by citing the analysis of a famous theorist.
Hence, the primary purpose of the passage is to contrast Keynes’ and Hayek’s solutions to the Depression and share why Hayek’s solution went underappreciated.
 
Answer Choices
A
contrast two solutions to the same issue. 
Incorrect: Partial Scope
 
The author contrasts the two views only in the first paragraph of the passage. The second half of the passage is devoted to highlighting why the solution proposed by Hayek was not appreciated as much as it should have been.
B
establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another. 
Incorrect: Out of scope
 
The author does not say that Hayek’s hypothesis was superior to Keynes’.
C
prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's. 
Incorrect: Out of Scope
 
The author does not say that Hayek’s contribution was more noteworthy than Keynes’. 
D
outline different approaches to a historical problem.
Incorrect: Out of Context
 
First of all, the author doesn’t discuss the Great Depression and the proposed solutions to it in general. Secondly, the author does present Keynes’ and Hayek’s differing views, but this is not the main purpose of the author as discussed in the solution to choice A.
E
contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for one
Correct
 
This choice matches our understanding of the passage, as detailed in the passage analysis, and our discussion in the pre-thinking analysis.
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John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, two prominent public figures associated with the Great Depression that started with the collapse of the stock market in 1929, both proposed different ways to restore the economy. Keynes, an economist from Cambridge, believed that the government should intervene in the situation, whereas Hayek, a professor from Austria, maintained that government involvement would be futile.Although Hayek almost singlehandedly established the distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics, engineering the transfer from classical economics to the more practical and application-oriented methodology of mathematical economics, his solution for emerging from the Great Depression was underestimated in the light of Keynes’ contribution to economic theory. In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, two prominent public figures associated with the Great Depression that started with the collapse of the stock market in 1929, both proposed different ways to restore the economy. Keynes, an economist from Cambridge, believed that the government should intervene in the situation, whereas Hayek, a professor from Austria, maintained that government involvement would be futile.Although Hayek almost singlehandedly established the distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics, engineering the transfer from classical economics to the more practical and application-oriented methodology of mathematical economics, his solution for emerging from the Great Depression was underestimated in the light of Keynes’ contribution to economic theory. In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer? for GMAT 2024 is part of GMAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the GMAT exam syllabus. Information about John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich Hayek, two prominent public figures associated with the Great Depression that started with the collapse of the stock market in 1929, both proposed different ways to restore the economy. Keynes, an economist from Cambridge, believed that the government should intervene in the situation, whereas Hayek, a professor from Austria, maintained that government involvement would be futile.Although Hayek almost singlehandedly established the distinction between microeconomics and macroeconomics, engineering the transfer from classical economics to the more practical and application-oriented methodology of mathematical economics, his solution for emerging from the Great Depression was underestimated in the light of Keynes’ contribution to economic theory. In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for GMAT 2024 Exam. 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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?.
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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. 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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. 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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. 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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. 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In his 2012 study Keynes Hayek: The Clash that Defined Modern Economics, famous theorist Nicholas Wapshott traces the history of the applications of both men’s theories, giving unprecedented importance to Hayek’s work. Describing how the Keynesian vision dominated Western economic analyses until the 1970s, Wapshott surmises that the primary reason for the dominance of Keynes’ theory during the Depression was that Hayek’s solutions to the issue of economic recession were not politically viable. Hayek prescribed to the belief that, when left to its own devices, the market would eventually recover from its downturn and resume its equilibrium; this position was, not surprisingly, rejected by both the US and European political organizations, each seeking to prove its worth in reestablishing the economy’s prosperity.The primary purpose of the passage is toa)contrast two solutions to the same issue.b)establish the superiority of one hypothesis over another.c)prove that one theorist's contribution to a particular field was more notable than another's.d)outline different approaches to a historical problem.e)contrast two different approaches to a historical problem and share the reason for the limited appreciation for oneCorrect answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice GMAT tests.
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