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Tropical and Subtropical Crops and their Cropping Patterns


Tropical and subtropical regions have specific climatic conditions that support the growth of certain crops. These regions are characterized by high temperatures, abundant sunlight, and high humidity, which are ideal for the cultivation of various crops. Here are some examples of crops that are commonly grown in tropical and subtropical regions:


Banana


  • One of the most important tropical crops is the banana, which requires a warm and humid climate to thrive.

  • It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including countries like India, Brazil, and the Philippines.

  • The cropping pattern for bananas involves planting the suckers (young plants) in well-drained soil with regular irrigation.

  • These plants require a long growing season of about 9-12 months, with temperatures ranging between 25-30 degrees Celsius.

  • The crop is harvested when the fruit reaches maturity, which usually takes around 9-12 months after planting.



Mango


  • Mango is another popular tropical fruit crop that requires a warm and frost-free climate.

  • It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions such as India, Mexico, and Thailand.

  • The cropping pattern for mangoes involves planting grafted saplings in well-drained soil with proper irrigation.

  • Mango trees require a dry period during their flowering and fruiting stage, followed by a rainy season for optimal growth.

  • The crop is harvested when the fruits are fully mature and have attained their characteristic flavor and aroma.



Tea


  • Tea is a popular beverage crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions like India, China, and Kenya.

  • The cropping pattern for tea involves planting young tea bushes in well-drained soil at high altitudes with adequate rainfall.

  • Tea plants require a cool and moist climate, with temperatures ranging between 15-30 degrees Celsius.

  • The crop is harvested by plucking the tender leaves from the tea bushes at regular intervals, usually every 7-10 days.

  • These leaves are then processed and dried to produce different types of tea, such as black tea, green tea, and oolong tea.



Pineapple


  • Pineapple is a tropical fruit crop that requires a warm and humid climate to grow.

  • It is grown in tropical and subtropical regions like Costa Rica, Thailand, and the Philippines.

  • The cropping pattern for pineapples involves planting the crowns (top portion of the fruit) in well-drained soil with regular irrigation.

  • Pineapple plants require a warm and sunny climate, with temperatures ranging between 20-32 degrees Celsius.

  • The crop is harvested when the fruits are fully ripe and have developed their characteristic sweetness and flavor.



Tropical and subtropical crops are essential for the economy of
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