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This summer, emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles, several auto manufacturers have introduced vehicles equipped with zero-emissions electric motors, high-speed internet connections that allow passengers to make video conference calls, and 3D picture navigation systems.
  • a)
    emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles,
  • b)
    because of the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,
  • c)
    the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles for protecting the environment have occurred, and
  • d)
    due to emerging of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner vehicles,
  • e)
    due to the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
This summer, emerging from the ground-breaking technological advanceme...
This summer, emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles, several auto manufacturers have introduced vehicles equipped with zero-emissions electric motors, high-speed internet connections that allow passengers to make video conference calls, and 3D picture navigation systems.
Meaning Analysis
  • This summer, emerging from
    • the ground-breaking technological advancements and
    • the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles,
  • several auto manufacturers have introduced vehicles equipped with
    • zero-emissions electric motors,
    • high-speed internet connections
      • that allow passengers to make video conference calls,
    • and 3D picture navigation systems.     
 
This sentence tells us that something has emerged from pioneering technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles in order to protect the environment.
Now, “emerging” should refer to the subject after the comma. In this context, the subject is “several auto manufacturers”. This structure does not make any sense since the auto manufacturers did not emerge from anything. So, we need to infer the correct meaning from the context. Logically, what the sentence probably intends to say is that because of these advancements and the need to protect the environment, auto makers have done something. This meaning makes sense.
So let’s read on. The two stated items (technological advancements and the need to protect) have led auto manufacturers to introduce new vehicles with certain features. These vehicles have zero-emissions electric motors, high-speed internet connections allowing passengers to make video conference calls, and 3D picture navigations systems.
Error Analysis
1)     As found in the meaning analysis, the modifier “emerging…” incorrectly modifies “auto manufacturers”. The auto manufacturers did not emerge from the ground breaking technological advancements. 
2)     Also, “for protecting the environment” is incorrect since here the intended meaning is “in order to protect the environment”, so we need to use “to + verb”. To learn more about the usage of “to + verb” and “for + verb-ing”, please refer to this article.
Answer Choices
A
emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles,
Incorrect:   
This choice has the errors pointed out in the error analysis.
B
because of the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,
Correct:    
This choice corrects both the errors of the original choice. The phrase “because of” presents the reason that the auto manufacturers have introduced new vehicles.      
Note that the usage “need for + noun” is correct. The verb form “to protect” is also correctly used in this choice to show the meaning “in order to protect”.
C
the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles for protecting the environment have occurred, and
Incorrect:
The cause and effect relationship is lost in this choice. Now, the whole information is presented in the form of two ICs that are not related to each other.
D
due to emerging of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner vehicles,
Incorrect:   
1)     Here, “due to” incorrectly presents the reason for the action “have introduced”. It should only be used to modify nouns. 
2)     The expression “emerging of…” is unidiomatic in the context of the given sentence. “Emerging” should not be followed by “of”.
3)     This choice repeats the “need for protecting” error in the original sentence.
E
due to the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,
Incorrect:      
Use of “due to” is incorrect as explained in the POE for option D.
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This summer, emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles, several auto manufacturers have introduced vehicles equipped with zero-emissions electric motors, high-speed internet connections that allow passengers to make video conference calls, and 3D picture navigation systems.a)emerging from the ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner automobiles,b)because of the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,c)the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles for protecting the environment have occurred, andd)due to emerging of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for protecting the environment through cleaner vehicles,e)due to the emergence of ground-breaking technological advancements and the need for cleaner vehicles to protect the environment,Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
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