HIV is a member of group of viruses called:a)Retro virusesb)Gemini virusesc)Lysogenic virusesd)BacteriophagesCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

HIV is belong's  to members of retro viruses..

Answer

Answer

RETRO VIRUS is correct answer

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A is right

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HIV is classified as retroviruses b'coz it contains reverse transcriptase. It's a D-type virus in the Lentivirus family. Infection of cultured T4cells with HIV virus usually results in cell death.

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Retro virus

Answer

HIV is a member of group of viruses called Retroviruses

Retroviruses are a unique group of RNA viruses that have the ability to convert their RNA genome into DNA through a process called reverse transcription. This DNA copy is then integrated into the host cell's genome, allowing the virus to replicate and persist within the host.

Explanation:

1. Retroviruses
- Retroviruses are a family of RNA viruses that are characterized by their ability to reverse transcribe their RNA genome into DNA.
- This process is carried out by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which is unique to retroviruses.
- Once the viral RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA, the viral DNA is integrated into the host cell's genome, becoming a permanent part of the host cell's genetic material.
- This integration allows the virus to persist within the host and replicate each time the host cell divides.

2. HIV
- HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that infects human immune cells, specifically CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
- HIV primarily targets the immune system, leading to progressive immune dysfunction and ultimately causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

3. HIV Replication
- HIV enters the host cell by binding to specific cell surface receptors, such as CD4 and co-receptors CCR5 or CXCR4.
- Once inside the host cell, the viral RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA by the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
- The viral DNA is then integrated into the host cell's genome, forming a provirus.
- The provirus is transcribed into viral RNA, which serves as the template for the production of viral proteins and genomic RNA.
- The viral proteins are assembled into new viral particles, which are released from the host cell and can infect other cells.

4. Implications and Treatment
- HIV infection leads to progressive immune system damage, making individuals more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain types of cancers.
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the standard treatment for HIV infection, which involves using a combination of antiretroviral drugs to suppress viral replication and restore immune function.
- With proper treatment and adherence to medication, people living with HIV can lead long and healthy lives.
- However, there is currently no cure for HIV, and ongoing research is focused on developing new therapies and preventive strategies, such as vaccines.

In conclusion, HIV is a member of the retrovirus group, which is characterized by their ability to reverse transcribe their RNA genome into DNA and integrate it into the host cell's genome. Understanding the unique properties of retroviruses like HIV is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and treat HIV infection.

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