The pivot joint between atlas and axis is a typeof :a)Cartilaginous jointb)Synovial jointc)Saddle jointd)Fibrous jointCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

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Answer

##synovial joints includes.. pivot joints, saddle joints , hinge joints etc...here this type of joints allow considerable  movements...

Answer

Answer

The pivot joint between the atlas and axis is a type of synovial joint. Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body and are characterized by the presence of a synovial cavity, which is filled with synovial fluid. These joints allow for a wide range of movement in various directions.

The pivot joint specifically allows for rotation around a central axis. It is formed by the articulation between the dens of the axis and the anterior arch of the atlas. The dens, also known as the odontoid process, is a bony projection that extends superiorly from the body of the axis. It acts as a pivot point around which the atlas can rotate.

The synovial joint classification is based on several features:

1. Structure: Synovial joints have a joint capsule consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner synovial membrane. The fibrous layer provides stability to the joint, while the synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and reduces friction.

2. Function: Synovial joints are diarthrotic joints, meaning they allow for free movement. They have a wide range of motion and are capable of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.

3. Articular surfaces: The articulating surfaces of synovial joints are covered with hyaline cartilage, which provides a smooth and low-friction surface for movement.

4. Joint cavity: Synovial joints have a synovial cavity, which is filled with synovial fluid. This fluid nourishes the articular cartilage, reduces friction, and acts as a shock absorber.

In the case of the pivot joint between the atlas and axis, the synovial joint classification is based on its structure, function, and the presence of a synovial cavity. The ability of this joint to rotate allows for the movement of the head, such as shaking the head to indicate 'no' or rotating it to look over the shoulder.

Overall, the pivot joint between the atlas and axis is a synovial joint that allows for rotation and is essential for the movement and stability of the head and neck.

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