Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in alcohol use after a period of excessive use.Symptoms typically include anxiety, shakiness, sweating, vomiting, fast heart rate, and a mild fever.More severe symptoms may include seizures, seeing or hearing things that others do not, and delirium tremens (DTs). Symptoms typically begin around six hours following the last drink, are worst at 24 to 72 hours, and improve by seven days.

Withdrawal syndrome refers to a set of physiological and psychological symptoms that occur when a person abruptly stops or significantly reduces their regular dose of a drug or alcohol that they have been using for a prolonged period of time. This syndrome is the body's response to the sudden absence or reduction of the substance it has become dependent on. Among the common symptoms of withdrawal syndrome are anxiety, shakiness, nausea, and sweating.

**Causes of Withdrawal Syndrome:**

There are three main causes of withdrawal syndrome:

**1. Regular Dose of Drug or Alcohol for a Long Time:**
When an individual consumes a regular dose of a drug or alcohol over an extended period, their body becomes accustomed to the presence of the substance. The body adapts to the substance's effects and may develop a physical and psychological dependence on it. If the drug or alcohol is suddenly removed or significantly decreased, the body reacts negatively, leading to withdrawal symptoms.

**2. Excessive Dose of Drug or Alcohol:**
Taking an excessive dose of a drug or alcohol can also lead to withdrawal syndrome. When the body is overwhelmed by the substance, it may struggle to maintain equilibrium. In response, the body may experience withdrawal symptoms when the individual stops or reduces their intake.

**3. Abrupt Discontinuation of Regular Dose:**
Abruptly discontinuing the regular dose of a drug or alcohol can trigger withdrawal syndrome. When the substance is suddenly removed from the body, it disrupts the body's functioning, leading to withdrawal symptoms. This is particularly true for substances that cause physical dependence, such as benzodiazepines or opioids.

**Why Option 'C' is the Correct Answer:**

Option 'C' states that withdrawal syndrome occurs when the regular dose of a drug or alcohol is abruptly discontinued. This is the correct answer because the sudden cessation of the substance disrupts the body's equilibrium and leads to withdrawal symptoms. When the body has become dependent on a drug or alcohol, abruptly stopping or significantly reducing its intake can result in physical and psychological discomfort.

While options 'A' and 'B' also contribute to the development of withdrawal syndrome, they are not the primary cause. Regular long-term use and excessive doses can increase the likelihood of dependence, but it is the abrupt discontinuation that triggers the withdrawal symptoms.

In conclusion, withdrawal syndrome occurs when an individual abruptly discontinues their regular dose of a drug or alcohol. This sudden removal of the substance disrupts the body's equilibrium and leads to symptoms such as anxiety, shakiness, nausea, and sweating. It is essential for individuals experiencing withdrawal symptoms to seek proper medical attention and support to manage their withdrawal and prevent any potential complications.