••1) A new French flag , the tricolour was choosen to replace the formal royal standard.

••2) The estate general was elected by the body of active citizens, and named THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY .

••3) Regional dialects were discouraged and French was declared as the common language of the nation .

Steps taken by French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity among the French people:

The French Revolution, which took place from 1789 to 1799, aimed to bring about significant political and social changes in France. The revolutionaries made several efforts to create a sense of collective identity among the French people. Here are three important steps taken by them:

1. Promotion of French nationalism:
During the French Revolution, the revolutionaries sought to instill a sense of national pride and identity among the French people. They aimed to create a unified French nation by eradicating regional differences and promoting a common national culture. To achieve this, they took several measures:

- Imposition of French as the national language: The revolutionaries declared French as the official language of France, replacing the regional dialects and languages. This decision aimed to ensure linguistic unity and communication across the country, fostering a sense of collective identity.

- Standardization of weights and measures: The revolutionaries introduced the metric system, which was designed to be universal and applicable to all French regions. This standardization eliminated the variations in weights and measures used in different parts of the country, reinforcing the idea of a unified French nation.

- Centralization of power: The revolutionaries centralized power in Paris, making it the political and cultural center of France. This centralization aimed to unite the diverse regions of France under a single government, fostering a sense of collective identity based on loyalty to the nation rather than regional loyalties.

2. Symbols and imagery:
To create a sense of collective identity, the revolutionaries also utilized symbols and imagery that represented the ideals of the revolution and the French nation. Some key examples include:

- The Tricolor Flag: The revolutionaries adopted the Tricolor Flag, with its blue, white, and red stripes, as the national flag of France. This flag became a powerful symbol of the revolution and the unity of the French people.

- Marianne: Marianne, a female allegorical figure representing liberty and reason, was adopted as the national symbol of France. Her image appeared on official documents, coins, and public buildings, embodying the revolutionary values and the collective identity of the French nation.

3. Educational reforms:
The revolutionaries recognized the importance of education in shaping a collective identity and promoting national unity. They implemented educational reforms to create a standardized and uniform system of education for all French citizens. These reforms included:

- Creation of public schools: Public schools were established to provide education to all children, regardless of their social background. This initiative aimed to ensure equal access to education and instill a common set of values among the French youth.

- National curriculum: A national curriculum was introduced, focusing on subjects such as history, geography, and civic education. This curriculum aimed to teach French history and values, fostering a sense of collective identity and patriotism among the students.

- Formation of the National Convention for Education: The National Convention for Education was established to oversee and regulate the educational system. This body aimed to ensure the dissemination of revolutionary ideas and create a unified educational system that would contribute to the formation of a collective identity among the French people.

In conclusion, the French revolutionaries took several steps to create a sense of