To obtain disease-free plants through tissue culture techniques, the best method isa)Protoplast cultureb)Meristem culturec)Embryo rescued)Anther cultureCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Meristematic tissues are having constant division and hence maximum metabolic activity..    diseases rarely affect such tissues and hence such disease free tissues are used

Answer

Answer

It's becz pathogen cant grow in meristematic cells as the pathogen can't take over the the machinary of cell as it's dividing actively

Answer

The best method to obtain disease-free plants through tissue culture techniques is Meristem culture.

- Meristem culture: Meristems are the growing points of plants, where cells continuously divide and differentiate. These meristematic tissues are usually free from pathogens and serve as the source of disease-free plant material for tissue culture.

- Advantages of Meristem culture:

1. Disease-free starting material: Meristems are isolated and cultured under aseptic conditions, ensuring that the resulting plants are free from any pathogens or diseases.

2. Genetic stability: Meristems contain undifferentiated cells with a high capacity for regeneration. This allows for the production of clonal plants that are genetically identical to the original plant, maintaining the desirable traits.

3. Rapid multiplication: Meristem culture allows for rapid multiplication of plants as the meristematic cells have a high proliferation rate. This enables the production of a large number of disease-free plants in a short period.

4. Propagation of difficult-to-root plants: Some plants are difficult to propagate through conventional methods like cuttings or seeds. Meristem culture provides an alternative method to propagate such plants, ensuring disease-free and genetically identical plantlets.

- Other tissue culture methods:

1. Protoplast culture: Protoplasts are plant cells with their cell walls removed. Protoplast culture is used for genetic manipulation and fusion of cells, but it is not specifically targeted at obtaining disease-free plants.

2. Embryo rescue: Embryo rescue involves the isolation and culture of embryos from hybrid crosses. This method is used to rescue and grow embryos that would otherwise fail to develop into viable plants. While it can contribute to obtaining disease-free plants, it is not as efficient as meristem culture.

3. Anther culture: Anther culture involves the culture of anthers, which are part of the male reproductive system in plants. This method is primarily used for producing haploid plants or for plant breeding purposes, rather than obtaining disease-free plants.

In conclusion, meristem culture is the best method to obtain disease-free plants through tissue culture techniques due to its advantages of starting with disease-free material, genetic stability, rapid multiplication, and the ability to propagate difficult-to-root plants.

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