D/f b/w involuntary and vountary action?

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Involuntary actions are those action which are not under our control where as voluntary actions are the actions which are under our control and according to our wishes some examples of involuntary actions are breathing digestion heart beating. some examples of voluntary actions are walking talking

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Involuntary Actions:
Involuntary actions, also known as reflex actions or involuntary responses, are actions that occur without conscious thought or control. These actions are automatic and occur in response to specific stimuli. The nervous system plays a crucial role in coordinating and regulating involuntary actions.

Examples of Involuntary Actions:
- Blinking: When an object approaches the eye, the eyelids automatically close to protect the eye from potential harm.
- Sneezing: When irritants such as dust or allergens enter the nasal passage, the body automatically responds by sneezing to expel these irritants.
- Coughing: Coughing is an involuntary response to clear the airways of any foreign particles or mucus.
- Knee-jerk reflex: When the doctor taps the knee with a small hammer, the leg automatically extends due to the stretch reflex.

Voluntary Actions:
Voluntary actions are actions that are consciously initiated and controlled by an individual. These actions require conscious thought, decision-making, and activation of the motor cortex in the brain. Voluntary actions are essential for our daily activities and movements.

Examples of Voluntary Actions:
- Walking: The decision to walk and the control of leg movements are voluntary actions. We consciously decide to move our legs and initiate the muscle contractions required for walking.
- Writing: When we pick up a pen and write, it is a voluntary action. We control the movements of our fingers, hand, and arm to produce the desired writing.
- Speaking: Speaking involves voluntary actions as we consciously control the muscles involved in speech production, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords.
- Eating: The decision to eat and the control of hand movements to bring food to the mouth are voluntary actions.

Key Differences between Involuntary and Voluntary Actions:
1. Conscious Control: Involuntary actions occur without conscious control, while voluntary actions are consciously initiated and controlled.
2. Stimulus Response: Involuntary actions are automatic responses to specific stimuli, whereas voluntary actions are not directly triggered by external stimuli.
3. Nervous System Involvement: Involuntary actions involve the autonomic nervous system, while voluntary actions involve the somatic nervous system.
4. Complexity: Voluntary actions are generally more complex and require higher cognitive processing compared to involuntary actions.
5. Flexibility: Voluntary actions offer more flexibility and adaptability as they can be modified and adjusted based on the individual's intention or goal.

Overall, involuntary actions are automatic and reflexive, while voluntary actions are consciously initiated and controlled by the individual. Both types of actions are essential for our daily functioning and survival.

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