Background
- The Marathas were a powerful Hindu empire that emerged in the 17th century in the Deccan region of India.
- The Mughal Empire was a Muslim empire that ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent during the 16th and 17th centuries.

Sahu and the Marathas
- Sahu, also known as Shahu, was a Maratha ruler who ascended to the throne in 1707.
- During his reign, Sahu sought to expand the Maratha empire and establish his authority in the Deccan.
- The Marathas were known for their formidable military and were often involved in conflicts with other regional powers, including the Mughals.

Alliance with the Mughals
- In the early 18th century, the Mughal Empire was in decline, and the Deccan region was in a state of political turmoil.
- Sensing the opportunity, Sahu decided to enter into an alliance with the Mughals, specifically with Farrukh Siyar, who became the Mughal emperor in 1713.
- As part of this alliance, Sahu agreed to provide 15,000 mounted soldiers to support the Mughals in the Deccan.

Reasons for the Alliance
- Sahu's decision to support the Mughals can be understood in the context of the Marathas' larger political ambitions.
- By aligning with the Mughals, Sahu hoped to gain their support and protection in his conflicts with other regional powers in the Deccan.
- The Marathas also sought to expand their influence and control over the territories previously ruled by the Mughals.
- Additionally, the alliance with the Mughals provided an opportunity for the Marathas to gain access to resources and wealth.

Farrukh Siyar's Reign
- Farrukh Siyar's reign was marked by internal conflicts and instability within the Mughal Empire.
- The alliance with the Marathas was a strategic move by Farrukh Siyar to bolster his authority and strengthen his position in the Deccan.
- However, the alliance did not last long, as Farrukh Siyar was eventually overthrown by his own nobles in 1719.

Conclusion
- In conclusion, Sahu, the Maratha ruler, agreed to support the Mughals in the Deccan with 15,000 mounted soldiers during the reign of Farrukh Siyar.
- This alliance was driven by the Marathas' political ambitions and their desire to expand their influence in the region.
- However, the alliance was short-lived due to the internal conflicts and instability within the Mughal Empire.