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Describe the merits and demerits of the two party system and multi party system? For 5 marks
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Merits and Demerits of the Two Party System and Multi Party System

Two Party System:


Merits


  • Stable Government: In a two-party system, one party usually wins a majority of the seats, which leads to a stable government.

  • Clear Choices: Voters have clear choices between two parties, which can make it easier for them to make decisions.

  • Efficient: Two-party systems are efficient and can lead to faster decision-making and implementation of policies.

  • Less Confusing: It is less confusing as compared to a multi-party system.



Demerits


  • Limited Choices: With only two parties, voters have limited choices and may not be able to find a party that fully represents their views.

  • Less Representation: Minorities and smaller political parties may not be able to have effective representation in a two-party system.

  • Polarization: Two-party systems can lead to polarization and a lack of compromise, as each party tries to appeal to its base.

  • Elitism: Two-party systems can lead to elitism as the two ruling parties may not represent the interests of the general population.



Multi Party System:


Merits


  • More Choices: Voters have more choices and are more likely to find a party that represents their views.

  • Representation: Minorities and smaller political parties have greater representation and can have their views heard.

  • Compromise: Multi-party systems can lead to compromise and collaboration, as parties work together to form coalitions.

  • Democratic: Multi-party systems are more democratic as they allow for a greater diversity of political opinions and representation.



Demerits


  • Instability: Multi-party systems can lead to unstable governments, as coalitions can be fragile and may collapse easily.

  • Slow Decision-making: With multiple parties, decision-making can be slow and implementation of policies can take longer.

  • Confusion: Multi-party systems can be confusing for voters, as there may be many parties with similar views and it can be difficult to differentiate between them.

  • Extremism: Multi-party systems can increase the chances of extremist parties gaining power and influence.

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