What is difference between binary fission and multiple fission . .? ?

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Binary Fission :(i) Nucleus divides into two parts.(ii) It occurs during normal conditions.(iii) It gives rise to two individuals.(iv) Cytoplasm divides after each nuclear division.(v) Example. Amoeba*Multiple Fission :(i) Nucleus divides into many parts.(ii) It takes place during unfavourable conditions (Encysted stage).(iii) It gives rise to many individuals.(iv) Cytoplasm does not divide after every nuclear division.(v) Example. Plasmodium

Answer

In multiple fission, a single parent cell is divided into many daughter cells. It is the most common form of reproduction in protists and in some parasitic species.

In multiple fission, a single parent cell is divided into many daughter cells. It is the most common form of reproduction in protists and in some parasitic species.

Answer

Binary Fission:
Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs in many single-celled organisms, including bacteria and certain protozoa. It is the division of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells, each having the same genetic material as the parent cell.

Process:
1. Duplication of genetic material: The parent cell undergoes DNA replication, resulting in the formation of two identical copies of the genetic material.
2. Elongation of the cell: The cell elongates and increases in size to accommodate the duplicated genetic material.
3. Division of the cell: The cell membrane and cell wall constrict at the center, dividing the cell into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives one copy of the genetic material.

Advantages of Binary Fission:
- Rapid reproduction: Binary fission allows organisms to reproduce rapidly as it does not require the formation of specialized reproductive structures or the involvement of another organism.
- Genetic stability: Since the offspring are genetically identical to the parent, there is no variation introduced through sexual reproduction. This can be advantageous in stable environmental conditions.

Multiple Fission:
Multiple fission is a type of asexual reproduction observed in certain protozoa, such as Plasmodium (the causative agent of malaria) and some algae. It involves the division of a parent cell into multiple daughter cells simultaneously.

Process:
1. Duplication of genetic material: Similar to binary fission, the genetic material of the parent cell is duplicated.
2. Formation of multiple nuclei: The parent cell undergoes multiple rounds of nuclear division, resulting in the formation of multiple nuclei within the cell.
3. Segmentation of the cytoplasm: The cytoplasm of the parent cell divides into multiple segments, each containing one nucleus.
4. Formation of daughter cells: Each segmented portion of the cytoplasm develops a cell membrane and cell wall, resulting in the formation of multiple daughter cells.

Advantages of Multiple Fission:
- Efficient reproduction: Multiple fission allows the parent cell to produce numerous offspring simultaneously, increasing reproductive efficiency.
- Survival in adverse conditions: Some organisms, like Plasmodium, undergo multiple fission as a survival strategy. This enables them to form dormant stages, such as spores or cysts, which can withstand unfavorable conditions until more favorable conditions arise.

Differences between Binary Fission and Multiple Fission:

1. Number of daughter cells: Binary fission produces two daughter cells, whereas multiple fission produces multiple daughter cells.
2. Timing of division: Binary fission involves the division of the parent cell into two daughter cells sequentially, whereas multiple fission involves simultaneous division into multiple daughter cells.
3. Occurrence: Binary fission is observed in various organisms, including bacteria and some protozoa, whereas multiple fission is primarily observed in certain protozoa and algae.
4. Genetic variation: Binary fission results in genetically identical offspring, while multiple fission may introduce genetic variation due to the formation of multiple daughter cells with different combinations of genetic material.
5. Reproductive efficiency: Multiple fission allows for the production of a larger number of offspring simultaneously, increasing reproductive efficiency compared to binary fission.

In summary, binary fission involves the division of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells, while multiple fission involves the simultaneous division of a parent cell into multiple

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