Which of the following occurs more than one and less than five in a chromosome?[2002]a)Telomereb)Chromosomec)Centromered)ChromatidCorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

A chromatid is one of two identical halves of a chromosome. Sister chromatids are 2 identical halves which are joined by the centromere in a chromosome. A chromomere is serially arranged beads of a chromosome which have resulted from super coiling of a continuous DNA thread. It is more distinct during prophase. Telomere is a cap like structure present at the end of each strand of DNA. It protects the chromosome from sticking to another chromosome. It also protects the genetic material during cell division. It occurs 4 times in a chromosome.

Answer

Chromatid is one of two identical halves of a chromosome. Sister chromatids are 2 identical halves which are joined by the centromere in a chromosome. A chromomere is serially arranged beads of a chromosome which have resulted from super coiling of a continuous DNA thread. It is more distinct during prophase. Telomere is a cap like structure present at the end of each strand of DNA. It protects the chromosome from sticking to another chromosome. It also protects the genetic material during cell division. It occurs 4 times in a chromosome.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Telomere.'

Answer

Telomere

- A telomere is a repeating sequence of DNA located at the ends of chromosomes.
- Telomeres play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and integrity of chromosomes.
- They protect the genetic information by preventing the degradation and fusion of chromosomes.
- Telomeres consist of tandem repeats of the nucleotide sequence TTAGGG in humans.
- These repeats can vary in length among different individuals and cell types.
- Telomeres are essential for proper DNA replication and prevent the loss of genetic material during cell division.
- They also play a role in regulating cellular aging and senescence.
- Telomeres gradually shorten with each round of cell division and eventually reach a critical length, leading to cellular senescence or apoptosis.
- However, in certain cells, such as stem cells and cancer cells, telomeres can be maintained or even lengthened through the action of the enzyme telomerase.
- Telomeres are unique structures found at the ends of chromosomes and are distinct from other regions of the chromosome, such as the centromere or chromatids.
- Telomeres occur more than once in a chromosome, as each chromosome has two ends that need to be protected by telomeres.
- However, they occur less than five times, as each chromosome only has two telomeres, one at each end.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option A) Telomere, which occurs more than once and less than five in a chromosome.

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