The most successful social movement of the eighties was the farmers' movement.

The farmers' movement of the 1980s was a significant social movement that brought together farmers from different parts of India to fight for their rights and address the issues they were facing. This movement had a profound impact on the agricultural sector and played a crucial role in shaping the country's agricultural policies.

Background:
- The farmers' movement in the eighties emerged in response to the agrarian crisis and the struggles faced by farmers due to various factors such as low crop prices, mounting debts, and lack of government support.
- The Green Revolution, which aimed at increasing agricultural productivity, had led to the adoption of high-yielding varieties of crops and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. However, this model of agriculture favored large landowners and marginalized small and marginal farmers.
- Additionally, the implementation of neoliberal policies in the 1980s resulted in the withdrawal of state support to the agricultural sector, further exacerbating the challenges faced by farmers.

The Emergence of the Farmers' Movement:
- The farmers' movement gained momentum in the 1980s with the formation of various farmer organizations and the mobilization of farmers across different states.
- These organizations, such as the Kisan Sabha and Bharatiya Kisan Union, played a crucial role in bringing together farmers and providing a platform for them to voice their concerns and demand their rights.

Key Demands:
- The farmers' movement focused on a range of demands, including fair prices for agricultural produce, debt relief, access to credit, and protection from land acquisition.
- The movement also sought to address issues related to irrigation facilities, availability of seeds and fertilizers, and the overall welfare of farmers.

Impact:
- The farmers' movement of the eighties succeeded in drawing the attention of policymakers and the general public to the plight of farmers.
- It highlighted the need for comprehensive agricultural reforms and led to the implementation of various policies aimed at addressing the concerns raised by the farmers.
- The movement also paved the way for the formation of farmer-friendly policies, such as the introduction of minimum support prices, loan waivers, and the establishment of farmer welfare programs.

Conclusion:
The farmers' movement of the eighties was a highly successful social movement that brought the issues faced by farmers to the forefront. It played a crucial role in shaping agricultural policies and bringing about positive changes in the lives of farmers. Through their collective efforts, the farmers were able to secure their rights and significantly impact the agricultural sector in India.