Introduction:
Co-operation, conflict, and competition are important elements that shape the dynamics of social interactions in various societies. These elements can be observed in modern societies, where individuals and groups cooperate, compete, and sometimes conflict with each other. This answer will explain why co-operation, conflict, and competition are also parts of modern societies.

Co-operation in Modern Societies:
Co-operation is a fundamental aspect of human society, regardless of the time period or cultural context. In modern societies, individuals and groups often engage in co-operative activities to achieve common goals, solve problems, and maintain social order. Co-operation can be observed in various domains of life, such as the economy, politics, and social relationships.

- Economic Co-operation: In modern societies, individuals and organizations engage in economic co-operation for mutual benefit. This can be seen in business partnerships, trade agreements, and collaborations in research and development. Co-operative economic activities enhance productivity, promote innovation, and contribute to economic growth.

- Political Co-operation: Governments and political parties in modern societies often engage in co-operative activities to address societal issues and make collective decisions. This can be observed in the formation of coalitions, diplomatic negotiations, and international alliances. Political co-operation is essential for maintaining stability, resolving conflicts, and promoting the welfare of citizens.

- Social Co-operation: In modern societies, individuals co-operate in various social settings, such as families, communities, and organizations. Social co-operation involves individuals working together to meet their social and emotional needs, support each other, and maintain social cohesion. This can be seen in family relationships, community initiatives, and volunteer organizations.

Conflict and Competition in Modern Societies:
While co-operation is prevalent in modern societies, conflict and competition also play significant roles. These elements arise due to differences in interests, values, power dynamics, and scarce resources. Conflict and competition can be observed in various domains of modern societies.

- Conflict: Conflict arises when individuals or groups have incompatible goals, values, or interests. In modern societies, conflicts can occur at various levels, such as interpersonal, organizational, and societal. Conflicts can be fueled by social inequalities, ideological differences, or competition for resources. Resolving conflicts requires negotiation, compromise, and sometimes legal interventions.

- Competition: Competition is a natural consequence of individuals and groups pursuing their self-interests in modern societies. Competition can occur in economic markets, educational institutions, sports, and various other domains. While competition can foster innovation, enhance productivity, and drive progress, it can also lead to inequalities, unethical practices, and social tensions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, co-operation, conflict, and competition are integral parts of modern societies. Co-operation allows individuals and groups to achieve common goals and maintain social order, while conflict and competition arise due to differences in interests and scarce resources. Understanding and managing these elements are crucial for the functioning and well-being of modern societies.