On crossing Tall plant with Dwarf plant Mendel found the the ratio of dwarf plants in F2 generation was?a)25 %b)40 %c)60 % d)75 %Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

In f2 generation three fourth plants were tall and one - fourth plants were dwarf

Answer

Option a

Answer

3:1

Answer

Thus in f2 generation we can clearly observe that 75 Percent are yellow seed producing pea plant and 25 percent are green ones this is known as phenotype

Answer

Mendel's Experiment
- Gregor Mendel, known as the father of genetics, conducted various experiments on pea plants to study inheritance patterns.
- One of his experiments involved crossing a tall plant with a dwarf plant.

Genotypes of Parental Plants
- Let's denote the tall plant genotype as TT and the dwarf plant genotype as tt.
- When Mendel crossed a tall plant (TT) with a dwarf plant (tt), he found that all the offspring in the first generation (F1) were tall.
- This can be explained by the principle of dominance, where the dominant allele (T) masks the expression of the recessive allele (t) in heterozygous individuals.

F1 Generation
- In the F1 generation, all the plants were tall because they inherited one dominant allele (T) from the tall parent and one recessive allele (t) from the dwarf parent.
- The genotype of all the F1 plants is Tt.

F2 Generation
- To study the inheritance pattern further, Mendel allowed the F1 plants to self-pollinate.
- In the F2 generation, Mendel observed a ratio of 3:1 for tall plants to dwarf plants.
- This means that for every 3 tall plants, there was 1 dwarf plant.

Explanation of the 3:1 Ratio
- The 3:1 ratio can be understood by looking at the possible genotypes of the F2 plants.
- The F2 generation can have three possible genotypes: TT, Tt, and tt.
- The TT and Tt genotypes both produce tall plants, while the tt genotype produces dwarf plants.
- Since the tall phenotype is dominant, plants with either the TT or Tt genotype will be tall.
- Only plants with the tt genotype will be dwarf.

Punnett Square
- Mendel used a Punnett square to illustrate the possible combinations of alleles in the F2 generation.
- When the genotypes TT, Tt, and tt are crossed, the Punnett square shows that the ratio of TT:Tt:tt is 1:2:1.
- This means that 25% of the F2 plants will be dwarf (tt), while the remaining 75% will be tall (TT and Tt combined).

Conclusion
- From Mendel's experiment, it can be concluded that when a tall plant is crossed with a dwarf plant, the ratio of dwarf plants in the F2 generation is 25% (option A).

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