Explanation:



The Preamble of the Indian Constitution is an introductory statement that sets out the objectives and purposes of the Constitution. It was adopted on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950. The Preamble declares India as a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic and Republic nation. It also highlights the ideals of Justice, Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity.



Amendment of Preamble:



The Preamble was amended for the first time in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment Act, which was passed during the period of emergency declared by the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. The amendment added three new words to the Preamble- Socialist, Secular and Integrity. The amendment also changed the description of India from "sovereign democratic republic" to a "sovereign socialist secular democratic republic."



Significance of 42nd Amendment:



The 42nd Amendment was a landmark amendment as it brought significant changes to the Constitution of India. It added fundamental duties of citizens, gave more power to the central government, and restricted the power of the judiciary. The amendment was also criticized for being anti-federal, anti-democratic, and for infringing on the rights of citizens.



Conclusion:



The 42nd Amendment, passed in 1976, was the first amendment that brought changes to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. It added three new words and changed the description of India. The significance of this amendment lies in the fact that it brought significant changes to the Constitution and was passed during the period of emergency.