Explanation:

A sprain is an injury to the ligaments, which are the tough bands of tissue that connect bones together. When a joint is excessively twisted or bent, the ligaments can become stretched or torn, resulting in a sprain. Sprains are commonly seen in the ankle, wrist, and knee joints.

On the other hand, inflammation of the joint due to various reasons such as infection, autoimmune diseases, wear and tear, or crystal deposition is called arthritis. Arthritis can be of various types, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gouty arthritis, etc.

Let us understand the other options given in the question:

- Rheumatism: Rheumatism is a general term used for pain in muscles, joints, and bones. It is not a specific medical condition but is used to describe various conditions that cause pain and stiffness in these areas.
- Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that usually affects the weight-bearing joints such as hips, knees, and spine. It occurs due to wear and tear of the cartilage that cushions the joint.
- Gouty arthritis: Gouty arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs due to the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint. It commonly affects the big toe joint and can cause severe pain and swelling.

Therefore, the correct answer to the given question is option B, which is a sprain.

A sprain occurs when ligaments (fibers that connect bones to other bones) are stretched or torn. Sprains are usually caused by an injury, such as twisting your ankle. When this happens, your joint moves in an unnatural way and the ligament gets stretched and pulled