Zagros mountains, which form one limit of the Fertile Crescent, is situated in Iran.

The Zagros Mountains are a major mountain range in southwestern Iran, extending northwest-southeast for about 1,600 kilometers (990 miles). They are considered one of the most important mountain ranges in the Middle East and form a natural boundary between Iran and Iraq. The mountains are named after the Zagros region, which lies primarily in Iran.

The Fertile Crescent is a historical region in the Middle East, spanning modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, and Palestine. It is known for its fertile soil and abundant water resources, making it one of the earliest cradles of civilization. The Zagros Mountains mark the eastern limit of the Fertile Crescent, separating it from the Iranian plateau.

The Zagros Mountains are characterized by their rugged terrain, with steep slopes, deep valleys, and high peaks. They are composed primarily of sedimentary rocks, including limestone, sandstone, and shale. The mountains have been shaped by tectonic forces, including folding, faulting, and uplift, resulting in a complex landscape of ridges and valleys.

The mountains are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, adapted to the region's varying climates and elevations. The lower slopes are covered in steppe vegetation, while the higher elevations are dominated by oak and juniper forests. The mountains also provide important habitats for a variety of wildlife, including Persian leopards, brown bears, wild goats, and eagles.

In addition to their natural beauty and ecological significance, the Zagros Mountains have played a significant role in the history and culture of the region. They have served as a natural barrier, influencing trade routes, migration patterns, and the development of different societies. The mountains have also been a source of valuable resources, including minerals, timber, and water.

Overall, the Zagros Mountains in Iran form one limit of the Fertile Crescent, separating it from the Iranian plateau. They are a geologically and ecologically diverse region, with a rich history and cultural significance.