Introduction:
NITI Aayog, which stands for National Institution for Transforming India, was established by the Government of India on January 1, 2015, to replace the Planning Commission. It serves as a policy think tank for the Government and aims to foster cooperative federalism by involving the states in the economic policy-making process.

Reason for replacing Planning Commission:
The Planning Commission, which was set up in 1950, had a centralized approach to planning and decision-making. However, over the years, it was criticized for being too bureaucratic, rigid, and lacking in flexibility. The Government felt the need for a more dynamic and inclusive body that could better address the challenges of a rapidly changing economic landscape.

Role of NITI Aayog:
NITI Aayog acts as a platform for the formulation of strategic long-term policies and programs for the Government. It provides critical and strategic inputs across sectors like health, education, agriculture, infrastructure, and more. The Aayog also works closely with state governments to ensure that the policies are implemented effectively at the grassroots level.

Key functions of NITI Aayog:
- Formulating a national development agenda
- Collaborating with states to enhance cooperative federalism
- Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of policies
- Promoting innovation and entrepreneurship
- Supporting research and capacity building
- Addressing regional disparities and promoting sustainable development

Conclusion:
In conclusion, NITI Aayog plays a crucial role in shaping India's development trajectory by providing innovative policy solutions and fostering inclusive growth. By replacing the Planning Commission, it has introduced a more collaborative and flexible approach to policy-making, ensuring that the diverse needs and aspirations of all stakeholders are taken into account.

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