Shah Jahan, the Mughal Emperor, was kept in jail by his own son Aurangzeb for a period of eight years.

Location of Shah Jahan's Imprisonment:
Shah Jahan was imprisoned in the Agra Fort, which was the main residence of the Mughal emperors at that time.

Reason for Imprisonment:
Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah Jahan to prevent him from regaining power and taking over the throne. Shah Jahan had previously shown interest in passing on the throne to his younger son Dara Shikoh, instead of Aurangzeb. This led to a power struggle within the Mughal family, which ultimately resulted in Aurangzeb imprisoning his father.

Conditions of Imprisonment:
Shah Jahan was kept in house arrest in a part of the Agra Fort known as the Musamman Burj. Although he was allowed to receive visitors, he was not allowed to leave the fort or communicate with anyone outside.

Impact of Imprisonment:
Shah Jahan's imprisonment had a significant impact on the politics of the Mughal Empire. While he was imprisoned, Aurangzeb continued to expand the empire and implement his policies. However, the treatment of Shah Jahan and his eventual death in 1666 caused a rift within the Mughal family and weakened the stability of the empire.

Shah Jahan was kept under house arrest at the fort at Agra under the care of his beloved daughter Jahanara. He lived there comfortably for eight years before dyeing a natural death.