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How many groups and periods are present in the modern periodic table?
  • a)
    18 groups, 7 periods
  • b)
    7 groups, 7 periods
  • c)
    9 groups, 9 periods
  • d)
    8 groups, 7 periods
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Understanding the Modern Periodic Table
The modern periodic table is a systematic arrangement of elements that provides valuable information about their properties and relationships.
Groups in the Periodic Table
- The periodic table consists of 18 vertical columns, known as groups.
- Each group contains elements that have similar chemical properties and similar valence electron configurations.
- For example, Group 1 contains alkali metals, while Group 17 consists of halogens.
Periods in the Periodic Table
- There are 7 horizontal rows, known as periods, in the modern periodic table.
- Each period indicates the number of energy levels or shells that the elements in that row have.
- For instance, the first period has only 2 elements (Hydrogen and Helium), while the sixth period contains 32 elements.
Significance of Groups and Periods
- The grouping and period arrangement help predict the behavior of elements in chemical reactions.
- Elements within the same group typically exhibit similar reactivity and bonding characteristics, while periods show a trend in properties such as atomic size, electronegativity, and ionization energy.
Conclusion
In summary, the modern periodic table contains 18 groups and 7 periods, making option 'A' the correct answer. This structure not only organizes the elements but also highlights their relationships and helps in understanding their chemical behavior.
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