Nationalism refers to the strong belief that a group of people who share a common culture, language, history, and traditions should have their own independent nation-state. Nationalism is often characterized by a sense of pride in one's country, and a desire to protect and promote its interests.

Overview of Nationalism in Europe:

1. Historical Context: Nationalism emerged in Europe in the 19th century as a response to the political and social changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution.

2. Emergence of Nation-States: Nationalism led to the emergence of new nation-states in Europe, such as Germany and Italy, which were previously fragmented into smaller states and kingdoms.

3. Unification Movements: Nationalism also fuelled various unification movements in Europe, such as the Risorgimento in Italy and the Vormärz in Germany.

4. Impact on Society: Nationalism had a profound impact on European society, leading to the formation of national identities, and the promotion of cultural and linguistic unity.

5. Rise of Imperialism: Nationalism also played a role in the rise of imperialism, as European powers sought to expand their influence and control over other nations and peoples.

6. Nationalism Today: Nationalism continues to be a powerful force in Europe and around the world, with many nations and peoples seeking to assert their independence and autonomy in the face of globalization and multinational organizations.

In conclusion, nationalism is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has had a profound impact on European history and society. While it has led to the formation of new nation-states and the promotion of cultural and linguistic unity, it has also been associated with imperialism and has been a source of conflict and tension in many parts of the world.

* Devotion and loyalty to one’s own nation, patriotism.