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Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:
1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.
3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.
2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.
3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- a)1 and 2 only
- b)1 and 3 only
- c)2 and 3 only
- d)1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Subst...
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer which is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer , is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. So, Statement 1 is correct.
The treaty has been ratified by 197 parties ( 196 states and the European Union ) , making it one of the first universally ratified treaties in United Nations history. So , Statement 2 is correct.
On October 15, 2016 , Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted the Kigali amendment to phase down production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) worldwide.
HFCs are widely used alternatives to ozone depleting substances such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons ( CFCs) , already controlled under the Protocol. So, Statement 3 is correct.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
• The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS) . When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 15 September 1987, the Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified every country on Earth - all 197 UN Member States.
• The Montreal Protocol phases down the consumption and production of the different ODS in a step-wise manner , with different timetables for developed and developing countries (referred to as “Article 5 countries”) . Under this treaty, all parties have specific responsibilities related to the phase out of the different groups of ODS , control of ODS trade , annual reporting of data, national licensing systems to control ODS imports and exports , and other matters. Developing and developed countries have equal but differentiated responsibilities, but most importantly, both groups of countries have binding, time-targeted and measurable commitments.
• The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol was established in 1991 under Article 10 of the treaty . The Fund ' s objective is to provide financial and technical assistance to developing country parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ODS is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol.
• The Multilateral Fund ’s activities are implemented by four international agencies -UN Environment (UNEP) , UN Development Programme ( UNDP), UN Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO ) and the World Bank - as well as bilateral agencies of non-Article 5 countries.
The treaty has been ratified by 197 parties ( 196 states and the European Union ) , making it one of the first universally ratified treaties in United Nations history. So , Statement 2 is correct.
On October 15, 2016 , Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted the Kigali amendment to phase down production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) worldwide.
HFCs are widely used alternatives to ozone depleting substances such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs) and chlorofluorocarbons ( CFCs) , already controlled under the Protocol. So, Statement 3 is correct.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
• The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man-made chemicals referred to as ozone depleting substances (ODS) . When released to the atmosphere, those chemicals damage the stratospheric ozone layer, Earth’s protective shield that protects humans and the environment from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Adopted on 15 September 1987, the Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified every country on Earth - all 197 UN Member States.
• The Montreal Protocol phases down the consumption and production of the different ODS in a step-wise manner , with different timetables for developed and developing countries (referred to as “Article 5 countries”) . Under this treaty, all parties have specific responsibilities related to the phase out of the different groups of ODS , control of ODS trade , annual reporting of data, national licensing systems to control ODS imports and exports , and other matters. Developing and developed countries have equal but differentiated responsibilities, but most importantly, both groups of countries have binding, time-targeted and measurable commitments.
• The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol was established in 1991 under Article 10 of the treaty . The Fund ' s objective is to provide financial and technical assistance to developing country parties to the Montreal Protocol whose annual per capita consumption and production of ODS is less than 0.3 kg to comply with the control measures of the Protocol.
• The Multilateral Fund ’s activities are implemented by four international agencies -UN Environment (UNEP) , UN Development Programme ( UNDP), UN Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO ) and the World Bank - as well as bilateral agencies of non-Article 5 countries.
Most Upvoted Answer
Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Subst...
The correct answer is option D: 1, 2 and 3. Let's discuss each statement in detail:
1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer:
The Montreal Protocol is indeed a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer. The Vienna Convention was adopted in 1985 and provides the framework for international cooperation in protecting the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol was then adopted in 1987 to strengthen the measures taken under the Vienna Convention. It is an international treaty designed to phase out the production and consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer.
2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States:
This statement is also correct. The Montreal Protocol is the first and only United Nations treaty to achieve universal ratification. It has been ratified by all 197 United Nations Member States, including all major industrialized nations. This demonstrates the global recognition of the need to protect the ozone layer.
3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years:
This statement is also correct. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol was adopted in October 2016. It aims to phase down the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are potent greenhouse gases used primarily in refrigeration, air conditioning, and foam-blowing sectors. The amendment requires countries to gradually reduce their HFC use, targeting an 80% reduction by the late 2040s. This amendment is considered a major achievement in global efforts to combat climate change.
In conclusion, all three statements are correct. The Montreal Protocol is a protocol to the Vienna Convention, it is the only UN treaty ratified by all 197 UN Member States, and under the Kigali Amendment, countries have committed to reducing the use of HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30 years.
1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer:
The Montreal Protocol is indeed a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer. The Vienna Convention was adopted in 1985 and provides the framework for international cooperation in protecting the ozone layer. The Montreal Protocol was then adopted in 1987 to strengthen the measures taken under the Vienna Convention. It is an international treaty designed to phase out the production and consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer.
2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States:
This statement is also correct. The Montreal Protocol is the first and only United Nations treaty to achieve universal ratification. It has been ratified by all 197 United Nations Member States, including all major industrialized nations. This demonstrates the global recognition of the need to protect the ozone layer.
3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years:
This statement is also correct. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol was adopted in October 2016. It aims to phase down the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are potent greenhouse gases used primarily in refrigeration, air conditioning, and foam-blowing sectors. The amendment requires countries to gradually reduce their HFC use, targeting an 80% reduction by the late 2040s. This amendment is considered a major achievement in global efforts to combat climate change.
In conclusion, all three statements are correct. The Montreal Protocol is a protocol to the Vienna Convention, it is the only UN treaty ratified by all 197 UN Member States, and under the Kigali Amendment, countries have committed to reducing the use of HFCs by more than 80% over the next 30 years.
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Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for UPSC.
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Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an
ample number of questions to practice Consider the following statements about the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer:1. It is a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer.2. The Protocol is to date the only UN treaty ever that has been ratified by all 197 UN Member States.3. Under the Kigali Amendment to this protocol, countries promised to reduce the use of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by more than 80% over the next 30 years.Which of the statements given above are correct?a)1 and 2 onlyb)1 and 3 onlyc)2 and 3 onlyd)1, 2 and 3Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice UPSC tests.
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