Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?a)Intensive cultivationb)Over irrigationc)Deforestationd)OvergrazingCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation

due to water logging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the

soil

.

Answer

Correct answer is option B....
over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to waterlogging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil.....

Answer

Over irrigation and Punjab leads to loose of soil fertility... v@.**

Answer

C)Over irrigation

Answer

Explanation:
Introduction:
Land degradation refers to the deterioration of the quality and productivity of land due to various factors. Punjab, a state in northern India, is known as the 'Granary of India' due to its high agricultural productivity. However, the state has been facing significant land degradation issues over the years.

Causes of Land Degradation in Punjab:
Among the given options, over irrigation is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab. Let's understand why:

1. Intensive cultivation:
Intensive cultivation involves the excessive use of inputs like fertilizers, pesticides, and mechanization. While it does contribute to land degradation, it is not the main cause in Punjab.

2. Deforestation:
Deforestation refers to the clearing of forests for various purposes. While deforestation can lead to land degradation, it is not the primary cause in Punjab.

3. Overgrazing:
Overgrazing occurs when livestock consume vegetation in an area at a rate that exceeds its natural regrowth. Although overgrazing can cause land degradation, it is not the main cause in Punjab.

4. Over irrigation:
Over irrigation is the excessive application of water to crops, leading to waterlogging and salinization of the soil. It is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab. Due to the Green Revolution, Punjab has witnessed the widespread adoption of modern farming techniques, including the use of tube wells for irrigation. However, the excessive use of water has resulted in waterlogging and the accumulation of salts in the soil.

Impact of Over Irrigation:
Over irrigation in Punjab has led to several negative consequences:

1. Waterlogging:
Excessive irrigation has raised the water table, causing waterlogging in many areas. Waterlogged soil becomes anaerobic, resulting in poor root growth and reduced crop productivity.

2. Salinization:
The continuous application of water without proper drainage has caused the accumulation of salts in the soil. Salinization makes the soil infertile and unsuitable for agriculture.

3. Decreased crop productivity:
Waterlogging and salinization directly impact crop productivity, leading to reduced yields and economic losses for farmers.

4. Environmental degradation:
Over irrigation not only affects the soil but also has negative impacts on the surrounding environment. It depletes groundwater resources and leads to the degradation of water bodies.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, over irrigation is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab. The excessive use of water for irrigation has resulted in waterlogging, salinization, decreased crop productivity, and environmental degradation. Addressing this issue requires implementing sustainable irrigation practices like proper water management, efficient irrigation techniques, and promoting crop diversification to reduce the dependence on water-intensive crops.

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