History of Industrialization in India
(1)1850- 1874
The first industrial undertaking was established in India only after the first railways had been constructed in 1851. The development in 1854 of the cotton textile industry in India - the first important large scale industry marks the dawn of a new industrial era in India. The real beginning of the industry was made in Bombay in 1854 with predominantly Indian capital and enterprise. In 1855 the jute industry was established at Rishra near Seramore, 12 miles north of Calcutta with Scottish capital and enterprise. The paper mill industry was started at Bally near Calcutta in 1867. The glass and chemical industries were started subsequently. A small number of minor industries, rice and flour mills, woolen and silk mills, iron foundries etc. were also set up. India continued to be an exporter of food and raw materials and an importer of manufactured articles. The progress of the jute industry was remarkable and spectacular.
(2) The Period 1874-1914:
The development of the coal mining industry towards the later part of the 19th century in the Damodar Valley inspired the development of various manufacturing industries in the country. The big iron industry was started at Kulti near Asansol with foreign capital and enterprise in 1875. Towards the end of the 19th century a number of paper mills were established in the country. The Titaghar Paper Mill was established in 1882 and the Deccan Paper Mill was started at Poona in 1889. With the establishment of the Tata Iron and Steel Co. Ltd. at Sakchi (now Jamshedpur) in 1907, a new era in the industrial history of India began.
(3) Development during the First World War (1914-18):
The war (1914-18) gave a great impetus to industrial development in the country. At the eve of the war, cement and sugar industries were also started. Due to shipping shortage imports of essential goods and articles were also curtained. The supplies of essential consumer goods were cut off. Industries in India suffered considerably for want of machinery, spare parts and chemicals for which the country had to depend on foreign countries. The absence of basic engineering...

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Process of Industrialization in India

- **Introduction of Modern Industries**: The process of industrialization in India began during the British colonial rule in the 19th century. The British established modern industries such as textiles, iron and steel, and railways to exploit India's resources for their own benefit.

- **Impact on Indian Economy**: Industrialization led to the growth of a new class of industrialists and traders in India. It also brought about significant changes in the agrarian economy, as traditional agricultural practices were replaced by cash crops for export.

- **Role of Key Person**: One of the key figures behind the industrialization of India was Jamsetji Tata. He was a visionary entrepreneur who founded the Tata Group, one of the largest conglomerates in India. Tata was instrumental in setting up several industries in India, including steel, textiles, and hydroelectric power plants.

- **Contribution of Jamsetji Tata**: Tata's vision and leadership played a crucial role in shaping the industrial landscape of India. He was a pioneer in promoting indigenous industries and was known for his ethical business practices. Tata's legacy continues to inspire generations of entrepreneurs in India.

- **Legacy of Industrialization**: The process of industrialization in India has had a lasting impact on the country's economy and society. It has led to the growth of a diverse industrial base and has contributed to the overall development of the nation. The legacy of industrialization in India continues to shape the country's economic policies and growth trajectory.