**Flowchart on Menstrual Cycle**

The menstrual cycle is a complex physiological process that occurs in females of reproductive age. It involves a series of hormonal changes and events that prepare the body for potential pregnancy. To understand the menstrual cycle better, we can create a flowchart that outlines the key stages and processes involved.

**1. Menstrual Phase:**

- The flowchart begins with the menstrual phase, which marks the start of the menstrual cycle.
- This phase is characterized by the shedding of the uterine lining, resulting in menstrual bleeding.
- The duration of this phase typically lasts 3-7 days.

**2. Follicular Phase:**

- The next stage in the flowchart is the follicular phase, which overlaps with the menstrual phase.
- During this phase, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is released by the pituitary gland, stimulating the development of ovarian follicles.
- One of these follicles will mature and release an egg during ovulation.

**3. Ovulation:**

- Ovulation is a crucial event in the menstrual cycle and is marked on the flowchart.
- It occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) surges, triggering the release of the mature egg from the ovary.
- The egg then travels through the fallopian tube towards the uterus, where fertilization can occur.

**4. Luteal Phase:**

- After ovulation, the flowchart proceeds to the luteal phase.
- The ruptured follicle in the ovary forms a structure called the corpus luteum.
- The corpus luteum releases progesterone, which helps prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg.
- If fertilization doesn't occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels.

**5. Menstruation or Pregnancy:**

- Depending on whether fertilization occurs, the flowchart branches into two paths.
- If fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to the shedding of the uterine lining and the start of a new menstrual cycle.
- If fertilization does occur, the fertilized egg implants into the uterine lining, and pregnancy begins.

**6. Pregnancy Phase:**

- The flowchart can include a separate path for the pregnancy phase if fertilization occurs.
- Hormonal changes support the development of the embryo and the growth of the placenta.
- The menstrual cycle ceases during pregnancy, and the woman enters a different hormonal phase.

By following this flowchart, one can gain a clearer understanding of the menstrual cycle and the various stages and processes involved. It helps visualize the hormonal changes and events that occur within the female body throughout the cycle.