**Goals of Human Genome Project (HGP)**

The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project that aimed to map and sequence the entire human genome. It had several ambitious goals that were aimed at advancing our understanding of genetics and its applications in various fields. The main goals of the Human Genome Project are as follows:

1. **Complete Mapping and Sequencing of the Human Genome**: The primary goal of the HGP was to determine the complete sequence of the human genome, which consists of approximately 3 billion base pairs. This involved identifying and mapping the location of all the genes in the genome.

2. **Identification of Genes and their Functions**: Another important objective of the HGP was to identify all the genes in the human genome and determine their functions. This knowledge is crucial for understanding the genetic basis of diseases and developing targeted therapies.

3. **Comparative Genomics**: The HGP aimed to compare the human genome with the genomes of other organisms to identify similarities and differences. This comparative genomics approach provided insights into the evolutionary relationships between species and helped in understanding genetic variations.

4. **Understanding Genetic Diseases**: The HGP aimed to identify the genetic variations associated with various diseases. By studying the genomes of individuals with genetic disorders, researchers could identify the specific genes or mutations responsible for the diseases. This knowledge has paved the way for personalized medicine and targeted therapies.

5. **Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI)**: The HGP recognized the importance of addressing the ethical, legal, and social implications of genomic research. It aimed to identify and address these issues to ensure responsible use of genetic information, protect privacy, and prevent discrimination based on genetic traits.

6. **Technological Advancement**: The HGP aimed to develop new technologies and tools for sequencing DNA, analyzing genetic data, and managing the massive amount of genomic information generated. This has revolutionized the field of genomics and led to the development of faster, more accurate, and cost-effective sequencing methods.

In summary, the Human Genome Project had multiple interconnected goals, including mapping and sequencing the human genome, identifying genes and understanding their functions, studying genetic diseases, addressing ethical issues, and advancing genomic technologies. These goals have had a profound impact on our understanding of genetics and have paved the way for advancements in personalized medicine, disease diagnosis, and treatment.