REACTANTS:- The substances which take part in chemical reaction are called reactants.

PRODUCTS:- The substances which are produced are the reaction of reactants are called products.

In chemical reaction the rearrangement of the atoms of reactants and as a result products are produced.

FOR EXAMPLE:-

2H2 + O2 = 2 H2O

Here , 2H2 = Hydrogen
O2= Oxygen
2H2O = Water

Hydrogen( 2H2) and oxygen( O2 ) are reactants.

A rearrangement of atoms between hydrogen and oxygen takes place to produce a product.

Product is water ( 2H2O).

Reactants and Products in Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions involve the transformation of reactants into products. Reactants are the starting materials that undergo a chemical change, while products are the end materials that are formed as a result of the reaction. In a chemical equation, reactants are written on the left-hand side, while products are written on the right-hand side.

Reactants

Reactants are the starting materials that participate in a chemical reaction. They are written on the left-hand side of a chemical equation. Reactants can be elements, compounds, or ions. For example, in the chemical reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water, the reactants are:

H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)

Here, hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2) are the reactants.

Products

Products are the end materials that are formed as a result of a chemical reaction. They are written on the right-hand side of a chemical equation. Products can be elements, compounds, or ions. For example, in the chemical reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water, the products are:

H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(l)

Here, water (H2O) is the product.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Chemical equations must be balanced to ensure that the law of conservation of mass is obeyed. This law states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, only transformed from one form to another. To balance a chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation must be equal. This is done by adding coefficients before the reactants and products.

For example, the unbalanced equation for the reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water is:

H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O(l)

To balance the equation, we add a coefficient of 2 before the hydrogen gas on the left-hand side:

2H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O(l)

Now, the number of hydrogen atoms on both sides of the equation is equal (4 on both sides), and the number of oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation is also equal (2 on both sides). The equation is now balanced.