What is Myopia, Hypermetropia and Presbyopia?

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#MYOPIA
Myopia occurs when light rays are focused in front of the retina rather than on the retina. This could be due either to a long eyeball or to too much focusing power of the eye. It causes distant objects to be blurry while near objects remain clear.Myopia can develop at any age and optical correction such as glasses or contact lenses can help to improve the quality of vision. Myopia tends to progress in variable amounts in childhood and stabilizes by the late teens to early twenties

#HYPERMETROPIA
Hyperopia occurs when light rays are focused behind the retina rather than on the retina. This could be due either to a small/short eyeball or to too little focusing power of the eye. It causes both near and distance objects to be blurry.Low to moderate amounts of hyperopia are common in childhood. Low to moderate hyperopia in a child can easily be compensated by the child's own focusing mechanism (termed 'accommodation'), thus spectacles are usually not needed. Hyperopia in childhood progressively decreases as the eyeball lengthens with childhood growth.

#PRESBYOPIA
Presbyopia is an age-related condition in which the ability of the eye to focus up close becomes progressively more difficult. This is due to hardening of the crystalline lens in the eye and weakening of the focusing muscle. Presbyopia results in difficulty with reading and other near tasks. If you need to hold the newspaper further and further away to read, it could be a sign that you are having early presbyopia. This affects individuals nearing age 40.

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Myopia (near-sighted): Difficulty viewing distant objects. Hyperopia (far-sighted): Difficulty viewing near objects, such as newspaper print. Presbyopia: Between ages 40-50, your natural lens loses its flexibility to move its focus between near and far objects.

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Myopia, Hypermetropia and Presbyopia are three common refractive errors of the eye that affect the ability to focus on near and distant objects. Let's understand each of them in detail.

Myopia

Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a condition where the patient can see objects closer to them clearly, but distant objects appear blurry. It happens when the shape of the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, which causes light to focus in front of the retina instead of on it.

Symptoms of Myopia:
- Difficulty seeing distant objects like road signs, blackboard, etc.
- Squinting to see distant objects
- Frequent headaches

Treatment of Myopia:
- Corrective lenses like glasses or contact lenses
- Refractive surgery like LASIK

Hypermetropia

Hypermetropia, also known as farsightedness, is a condition where the patient can see distant objects more clearly than close objects. It happens when the shape of the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, which causes light to focus behind the retina instead of on it.

Symptoms of Hypermetropia:
- Difficulty reading or working on a computer
- Blurry vision when looking at objects up close
- Eye strain or headache after reading or working on a computer for a long time

Treatment of Hypermetropia:
- Corrective lenses like glasses or contact lenses
- Refractive surgery like LASIK

Presbyopia

Presbyopia is a condition that usually occurs after the age of 40, where the patient experiences difficulty in focusing on objects up close. It happens due to a natural aging process where the lens of the eye becomes less flexible, making it harder to focus on close objects.

Symptoms of Presbyopia:
- Difficulty reading small print
- Needing to hold reading material farther away to see clearly
- Eye strain or headache after reading or doing close work for a long time

Treatment of Presbyopia:
- Corrective lenses like reading glasses or bifocals
- Refractive surgery like LASIK combined with monovision technique

In conclusion, Myopia, Hypermetropia and Presbyopia are common eye conditions that can be easily treated with corrective lenses or refractive surgery. It is important to get regular eye check-ups to detect any changes in vision and to take necessary steps to maintain good eye health.

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Myopia:-It also called short sightedness.In this case near vision is possible but distant vision isn't possible.In this case image is formed in front of the retina.This is happened due to increasing in convexity of the lens.This defect can be removed by the use of spectacle with biconcave lens.
HYPERMETROPIA:-It is also called long sightedness.In this case distant vision is possible but near vision is not possible.In this case image is formed behind the retina.This is happened due to decreasing in convexity of the lens.
PRESBYOPIA:-It is also called old age sightedness as it occurs at the age of 40.In this age lens loss it's elasticity due to its continuous use.So,the distant vision is possible but near vision is not possible.
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ANS: There are three types of vision defects.

Myopia or short sightedness: Myopia/is that defect of vision due to which a person cannot see the distant objects clearly: This defect is caused due to high converging power of eye-lens. The image of distant object is formed in front of the retina and hence the eye can not see it clearly..

Myopia is connected by using spectacles containing concave lenses. The concave lens decreases the converging power of the eye lens and helps in forming the image of distant object on retina.

Hypermetropia or long sightedness:- Hypermetropialis that defect of vision due to which a person cannot see the nearby objects clearly.though he can see the distant objects clearly. This defect is caused due to low converging power of eye lens. The image is formed behind the retina and hence eye cannot see it.

Hypermetropia is connected by using spectacles containing convex lenses increases the converging power of the eye lens and helps in forming the image of a nearby object on the retina.

Presbyopia: It is that defect of vision due to which an old person cannot see the nearby objects clearly due to loss of power of accommodation of the eye. This defect occurs in old age due to the gradual weakening of the ciliary muscles and diminishing flexibility of the eye lens.

Presbyopia is connected by using the spectacles having convex lenses. It can also

be corrected by using bifocal lens.

THE END

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