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Conditions of a karyotype 2n +1, 2n –1 and 2n + 2, 2n – 2 are called:
- a)Aneuploidy
- b)Polyploidy
- c)Allopolyploidy
- d)Monosomy
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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Conditions of a karyotype 2n +1, 2n –1 and 2n + 2, 2n – 2 ...
Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome called aneuploidy. Aneuploidy arises due to the non-disjunction of the homologous chromosome.
Aneuploidy is of four types:
Monosomy = 2n–1
Nullisomy =2n–2
Trisomy = 2n+1
Tetrasomy =2n+2
Autopolyploidy is an additional set of chromosomes, which may be from a parent or identical parental species.
Polyploids in which there are more than two chromosome sets. It is by 3n (triploid), 4n (tetraploid), 5n (pentaploid).
Aneuploidy is of four types:
Monosomy = 2n–1
Nullisomy =2n–2
Trisomy = 2n+1
Tetrasomy =2n+2
Autopolyploidy is an additional set of chromosomes, which may be from a parent or identical parental species.
Polyploids in which there are more than two chromosome sets. It is by 3n (triploid), 4n (tetraploid), 5n (pentaploid).
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Conditions of a karyotype 2n +1, 2n –1 and 2n + 2, 2n – 2 ...
The term "karyotype" refers to the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of an organism's cell. In the given karyotype, "2n" refers to the diploid number, which indicates that there are two sets of chromosomes in each cell.
The first condition mentioned, "2n 1," suggests that there is an additional chromosome in one of the sets. This could occur due to a chromosomal abnormality, such as a trisomy, where an extra copy of a specific chromosome is present. For example, in humans, the condition known as Down syndrome is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in a karyotype of 2n+1.
The second condition, "2n," simply indicates a normal diploid karyotype with no additional or missing chromosomes. This is the typical karyotype for most organisms, including humans, where the diploid number is 46 (2n=46). Each set of chromosomes contains 23 pairs, with one set inherited from each parent.
To summarize, a karyotype of "2n 1" indicates the presence of an additional chromosome in one of the sets, while "2n" represents a normal diploid karyotype with no additional or missing chromosomes.
The first condition mentioned, "2n 1," suggests that there is an additional chromosome in one of the sets. This could occur due to a chromosomal abnormality, such as a trisomy, where an extra copy of a specific chromosome is present. For example, in humans, the condition known as Down syndrome is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in a karyotype of 2n+1.
The second condition, "2n," simply indicates a normal diploid karyotype with no additional or missing chromosomes. This is the typical karyotype for most organisms, including humans, where the diploid number is 46 (2n=46). Each set of chromosomes contains 23 pairs, with one set inherited from each parent.
To summarize, a karyotype of "2n 1" indicates the presence of an additional chromosome in one of the sets, while "2n" represents a normal diploid karyotype with no additional or missing chromosomes.
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