Formation of Bromophenols from Phenol and Excess Bromine WaterPhenol is a hydroxybenzene compound that can react with excess bromine water to form bromophenols. The bromine water acts as an oxidizing agent, which replaces one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenol molecule with bromine atoms. The resulting product is a brominated derivative of phenol, known as bromophenol.Types of Bromophenols FormedThere are four types of bromophenols that can be formed when phenol is treated with excess bromine water. These include:1. m-Bromophenol - This is formed when bromine water reacts with the meta position of the phenol molecule. The resulting product has a bromine atom attached to the benzene ring at the meta position.2. o- and p-Bromophenols - These are formed when bromine water reacts with the ortho or para positions of the phenol molecule, respectively. The resulting products have a bromine atom attached to the benzene ring at either the ortho or para position.3. 2,4-Dibromophenol - This is formed when bromine water reacts with both the para and ortho positions of the phenol molecule. The resulting product has two bromine atoms attached to the benzene ring at the para and ortho positions.4. 2,4,6-Tribromophenol - This is formed when bromine water reacts with all three positions of the phenol molecule. The resulting product has three bromine atoms attached to the benzene ring at the para, ortho, and meta positions.ConclusionIn summary, when phenol is treated with excess bromine water, it can form four different types of bromophenols, including m-bromophenol, o- and p-bromophenols, 2,4-dibromophenol, and 2,4,6-tribromophenol. The type of bromophenol formed depends on which position(s) of the phenol molecule the bromine atoms attach to during the reaction.