Explain the verticle division of power giving example from India?

Question

Answer

¶¶ Vertical division of power: Vertical division of power means sharing of power among governments at different levels. In India, there are three levels of the government:

(i) For the entire country: Central Government/ Union Government.

(ii) At the provincial level: State Governments.

(iii) At the local level (i.e., rural and urban): Local self governments like panchayats and municipal councils.

Answer

Answer

Vertical division of power:
*Vertical division of power means sharing of power among governments at different levels.
*In India, there are three levels of the government:
(i) For the entire country: Central Government/ Union Government.
(ii) At the provincial level: State Governments.
(iii) At the local level (i.e., rural and urban): Local self governments like panchayats and municipal councils.

Answer

Vertical division of power means power can be shared among government at different level. like, In India we have central government which is for the entire country and state government which is at regional level.

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Thank you

Answer

Vertical Division of Power in India

In India, the vertical division of power refers to the distribution of power between the central government and the state governments. This division is based on the principles of federalism, which allows for a dual system of government where power is shared between the center and the states. The Constitution of India clearly defines the powers and functions of each level of government to ensure a balanced distribution of power.

Division of Power

The division of power in India can be explained under the following headings:

1. Union List:
- The Union List comprises subjects on which only the central government has the authority to make laws.
- It includes subjects of national importance such as defense, foreign affairs, atomic energy, banking, and taxation.
- The central government has exclusive jurisdiction over these subjects.

2. State List:
- The State List consists of subjects on which only the state governments have the authority to make laws.
- It includes subjects such as police, public health, agriculture, local government, and public order.
- The state governments have exclusive jurisdiction over these subjects.

3. Concurrent List:
- The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws.
- It includes subjects such as criminal law, marriage and divorce, bankruptcy and insolvency, education, and bankruptcy.
- Both the central and state governments can enact laws on these subjects, but in case of any conflict, the central law prevails.

4. Residuary Powers:
- Any subject that is not mentioned in the Union List or the State List falls under the residuary powers.
- The residuary powers are exclusively vested with the central government.
- This ensures that the central government has the authority to legislate on any subject not specifically assigned to the states.

Example from India:
- An example of the vertical division of power in India can be seen in the education sector.
- The central government formulates policies and guidelines for education at the national level through bodies like the Ministry of Education.
- The state governments, on the other hand, are responsible for implementing these policies and managing the education system within their respective states.
- Each state government has its own education department and is responsible for establishing schools, hiring teachers, and ensuring quality education.
- While the central government sets the broad framework for education, the state governments have the flexibility to adapt and implement these policies based on their specific regional needs.

This vertical division of power ensures a balance between the central government and the state governments, allowing for effective governance and representation of diverse regional interests. It also enables the states to address issues and concerns specific to their regions, while the central government handles matters of national importance.

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