**Answer:**

The correct answer is option 'A' - January 26, 1950.

**Explanation:**

The Indian Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950. This date is celebrated every year in India as Republic Day. There are several reasons why this date was chosen for the enforcement of the constitution.

**Historical Significance:**

- January 26 holds a significant place in India's history as it marks the day when the Indian National Congress declared the complete independence of India from British rule in 1930. This declaration was made during the Lahore session of the Congress, and it became known as the 'Purna Swaraj' or complete independence declaration.
- By choosing January 26 as the date for the enforcement of the constitution, the framers of the constitution wanted to symbolize the fulfillment of the long struggle for independence and the establishment of a sovereign, democratic, and republic nation.

**Features of the Constitution:**

- The Indian Constitution is one of the longest written constitutions in the world. It lays down the framework that defines the political principles, establishes the structure, procedures, powers, and duties of the government institutions, and sets out the fundamental rights, directive principles, and responsibilities of citizens.
- The constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly of India, which was formed in 1946. The assembly took almost three years to finalize the constitution. The drafting committee, led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, played a crucial role in the drafting process.
- The constitution provides for a parliamentary form of government with a federal structure. It includes a separation of powers among the legislature, executive, and judiciary, with checks and balances to ensure the smooth functioning of the government.
- The constitution also guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens, such as the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, freedom of religion, and the right to constitutional remedies.
- It incorporates directive principles of state policy, which are guidelines for the government to achieve socioeconomic justice and the welfare of the people.
- The constitution also recognizes the diversity of India and provides for the protection of minority rights and the promotion of cultural and educational rights.

**Conclusion:**

In conclusion, the Indian Constitution came into force on January 26, 1950, to commemorate the historical significance of the 'Purna Swaraj' declaration and to establish India as a sovereign, democratic, and republic nation. The constitution sets out the framework for the functioning of the government, protects fundamental rights, and promotes socioeconomic justice and the welfare of the people. Republic Day is celebrated every year on January 26 to honor the enforcement of the constitution and the ideals it represents.

(Correct Answer:-A, Jan 26, 1950)


India, also known as Bharat, is a Union of States. It is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic with a parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed in terms of the Constitution of India which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into force on 26th January, 1950. The Constitution provides for a Parliamentary form of government which is federal in structure with certain unitary features.