Uniform Recall Period (URP) and Mixed Recall Period (MRP) are two methods used in India for estimating the poverty line.

Poverty line refers to the minimum level of income required to meet basic necessities of life such as food, clothing, and shelter. Estimating poverty line is important for measuring the extent of poverty in a country and for designing policies to alleviate poverty.

Uniform Recall Period (URP):
- URP is a method of estimating poverty line based on a questionnaire survey.
- In URP, households are asked to recall their consumption expenditure over a fixed period of time, usually 30 days.
- The questionnaire includes a list of food items, non-food items, and services commonly consumed by households in the area.
- The households are asked to report the quantity and price of each item they consumed during the recall period.
- The total expenditure is then calculated by multiplying the quantity by the price of each item.
- The poverty line is estimated as the minimum expenditure required to consume a minimum set of calories and nutrients necessary for survival and basic physical activity.

Mixed Recall Period (MRP):
- MRP is a method of estimating poverty line that combines information from a long and short recall period.
- In MRP, households are asked to recall their consumption expenditure over a long period, usually 365 days, as well as a short period, usually 7 days.
- The long recall period captures the seasonal variations in consumption patterns, while the short recall period captures the day-to-day variations.
- The questionnaire and calculation of poverty line is similar to URP.

Both URP and MRP have their advantages and limitations. URP is simpler and cheaper to administer, but may not capture seasonal variations in consumption patterns. MRP is more accurate, but requires a larger sample size and more resources.

In conclusion, URP and MRP are methods used in India for estimating the poverty line, which is important for measuring the extent of poverty and designing policies to alleviate poverty.