S-shaped growth curve

The correct answer is option 'B' - S-shaped growth curve.

Explanation:

The human population growth curve can be represented by different shapes, but the most common is the S-shaped growth curve, also known as the logistic growth curve. This curve is shaped like the letter S, where the population starts growing slowly, then rapidly, and finally levels off as it approaches its carrying capacity. The carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals that the environment can support with the available resources.

Factors affecting population growth:
- Birth rate
- Death rate
- Immigration rate
- Emigration rate

Stages of population growth:
1. Lag phase - The population grows slowly because the birth rate is lower than the death rate.
2. Exponential phase - The population grows rapidly due to a decrease in the death rate or an increase in the birth rate.
3. Stationary phase - The population growth slows down as it approaches its carrying capacity, where the birth rate equals the death rate.
4. Decline phase - The population decreases due to a higher death rate than the birth rate or a decrease in resources.

Importance of understanding population growth:
- Helps in predicting future resource demands.
- Helps in understanding the impact on the environment.
- Helps in developing strategies for sustainable development.

In conclusion, the S-shaped growth curve best represents the human population growth, where the population grows slowly, then rapidly, and finally levels off as it approaches its carrying capacity.