The Blue Mountains - The Nilgiri Hills

The correct answer is option 'B', The Nilgiri hills, which are also known as the Blue Mountains. Let's understand why this is the correct option and explore some key details about the Nilgiri hills.

1. Introduction to Nilgiri Hills
The Nilgiri hills are a prominent mountain range located in the southern part of India, primarily spanning across the states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Kerala. They are a part of the larger Western Ghats mountain range, which is known for its rich biodiversity and scenic beauty.

2. Origin of the Name "Blue Mountains"
The Nilgiri hills are often referred to as the "Blue Mountains" due to the bluish haze that covers the mountain peaks. This unique phenomenon occurs when the sunlight interacts with the natural oils released by the eucalyptus trees that are widespread in the region. The vapors from these trees create a bluish tint, giving the hills a captivating and picturesque appearance.

3. Geographic Features
The Nilgiri hills are characterized by their lush green valleys, dense forests, and rolling hills. The highest peak in the Nilgiri range is Doddabetta, which stands at an impressive height of 2,637 meters (8,650 feet). The hills are home to several rivers, including the Bhavani, Moyar, and Kabini, which originate from the Western Ghats.

4. Climate and Biodiversity
The Nilgiri hills have a pleasant and moderate climate throughout the year, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F). The region receives abundant rainfall, making it conducive to the growth of diverse flora and fauna. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is located in these hills and is home to numerous endangered and endemic species.

5. Cultural Significance
Apart from their natural beauty, the Nilgiri hills hold immense cultural significance. They are inhabited by various indigenous tribes and have been a center of traditional practices, including herbal medicine and agriculture. The hills are also famous for their tea and coffee plantations, attracting tourists from around the world.

In conclusion, the Nilgiri hills, also known as the Blue Mountains, are a remarkable mountain range in southern India. The bluish tint created by the eucalyptus trees gives them their distinctive name. With their scenic landscapes, moderate climate, rich biodiversity, and cultural significance, the Nilgiri hills are a treasure trove of natural and cultural wonders.