Shiraz-i-Hind, also known as the "Shiraz of India," refers to a place in India that was known for its literary and cultural significance, similar to the city of Shiraz in Persia. Among the given options, the place known as Shiraz-i-Hind is Jaunpur, which is located in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India.

Jaunpur: The Shiraz-i-Hind

Jaunpur, a city in Uttar Pradesh, was known as the Shiraz-i-Hind during the medieval period. It was renowned for its vibrant literary and cultural scene, attracting scholars, poets, and artists from across the region. Let's delve deeper into the historical significance of Jaunpur as the Shiraz-i-Hind.

1. Historical Background of Jaunpur:

- Jaunpur was founded by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi, in the year 1359. It served as the capital of the Jaunpur Sultanate, an independent kingdom that existed from 1394 to 1479.
- The Jaunpur Sultanate was known for its architectural marvels, including mosques, tombs, and palaces. The rulers of Jaunpur were great patrons of art and culture, contributing to the city's flourishing literary and cultural environment.

2. Literary and Cultural Significance:

- Jaunpur became a center of learning and scholarship, attracting renowned poets, scholars, and intellectuals. It played a pivotal role in the development and promotion of Urdu and Persian literature.
- Many prominent poets and scholars emerged from Jaunpur during this period, including Malik Muhammad Jayasi, the author of the epic poem "Padmavat," and Sufi poet Malik Muhammad Jayasi.
- Jaunpur was known for its vibrant literary gatherings and poetic symposiums, known as mushairas. These events provided a platform for poets and scholars to showcase their talent and engage in intellectual discussions.

3. Architectural Heritage:

- The city of Jaunpur is adorned with numerous historical monuments that reflect its rich cultural heritage. The Atala Masjid, Jama Masjid, and Lal Darwaza Masjid are some of the notable architectural wonders of Jaunpur.
- These mosques exhibit exquisite craftsmanship, intricate designs, and calligraphy. They are a testament to the city's architectural splendor during the medieval period.

In conclusion, the city of Jaunpur, located in Uttar Pradesh, India, was known as the Shiraz-i-Hind. It gained this reputation due to its literary and cultural significance, attracting renowned scholars, poets, and artists. Jaunpur's architectural heritage and vibrant intellectual environment contributed to its recognition as the Shiraz-i-Hind.