Give reasons There is either a convergence or divergence of magnetic field lines near the ends of a current carrying solenoid?

Question

Answer

When a current passes through it, it creates a nearly uniform magnetic field inside or along the axis of the solenoid. Outside the coil or solenoid, that is, at the ends and beyond the magnetic field is small and appears to diverge. This divergence is because the distance from the current carrying solenoid increases

Answer

If magnetic field lines are near the periphery of solenoid they will converge. If magnetic field lines are near the centre of solenoid they will diverge and will almost appear as straight lines. It happens because magnetic field lines make larger rings as we move towards the centre of solenoid.

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Answer

Convergence and Divergence of Magnetic Field Lines near the Ends of a Current Carrying Solenoid

Introduction:
A solenoid is a long, cylindrical coil of wire that is often used to generate a magnetic field. When a solenoid carries an electric current, it produces a magnetic field inside and around it. The magnetic field lines produced by the solenoid can either converge or diverge near its ends, depending on certain factors.

Convergence of Magnetic Field Lines near the Ends:
The magnetic field lines near the ends of a current carrying solenoid converge due to the following reasons:

1. Geometry of the Solenoid: A solenoid is typically wound in the shape of a tightly wound helix, with the wire tightly packed together. This results in a concentrated magnetic field within the solenoid. As the magnetic field lines emerge from the solenoid, they are forced to converge towards the ends due to the tightly packed wire.

2. Ampere's Law: According to Ampere's Law, the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire is directly proportional to the current passing through the wire. Near the ends of the solenoid, where the magnetic field lines emerge, the current is concentrated and stronger. This concentration of current leads to a stronger magnetic field, causing the field lines to converge.

3. Magnetic Monopole: Magnetic monopoles, or isolated north or south poles, have not been observed in nature. Therefore, magnetic field lines always form closed loops. Near the ends of a solenoid, the field lines emerging from one end need to connect to the field lines entering the other end, resulting in convergence.

Divergence of Magnetic Field Lines near the Ends:
In some cases, the magnetic field lines near the ends of a current carrying solenoid can also diverge due to the following factors:

1. Irregular Shape: If the ends of the solenoid are not uniform or the wire is not tightly wound, it can lead to irregularities in the magnetic field. This can cause the field lines to diverge near the ends.

2. External Magnetic Fields: If there are external magnetic fields present near the ends of the solenoid, they can influence the direction of the magnetic field lines. Depending on the orientation and strength of the external magnetic field, the field lines near the ends of the solenoid may diverge.

3. High Currents: In some cases, when the current passing through the solenoid is extremely high, it can cause the magnetic field lines to diverge near the ends. This is due to the increased magnetic forces and interactions between the field lines.

Overall, the convergence or divergence of magnetic field lines near the ends of a current carrying solenoid depends on various factors, including the geometry of the solenoid, Ampere's Law, the presence of external magnetic fields, irregularities in the shape of the solenoid, and the strength of the current passing through it.

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