Buddha taught that life is full of suffering and unhappiness. This is known as the first noble truth or Dukkha. Buddha recognized that suffering is an inherent part of life and that everyone experiences it, regardless of their social status, wealth, or position in society.

The Four Noble Truths

Buddha's teachings are based on the Four Noble Truths. These truths are:

1. Dukkha: Suffering exists in life.
2. Samudaya: Suffering arises from craving and attachment.
3. Nirodha: The cessation of suffering is possible.
4. Magga: The path to the cessation of suffering is the Eightfold Path.

The Eightfold Path

The Eightfold Path is a set of guidelines that Buddha taught to help individuals achieve enlightenment and end their suffering. These guidelines include:

1. Right Understanding: Understanding the Four Noble Truths.
2. Right Intention: Having good intentions and motives.
3. Right Speech: Speaking truthfully and kindly.
4. Right Action: Acting ethically and morally.
5. Right Livelihood: Making a living that is honest and doesn't harm others.
6. Right Effort: Making a consistent effort to improve oneself.
7. Right Mindfulness: Being aware of one's thoughts, feelings, and surroundings.
8. Right Concentration: Developing mental focus and clarity.

Conclusion

Buddha's teachings emphasize the importance of recognizing and accepting suffering as a natural part of life. By following the Eightfold Path, individuals can end their suffering and achieve enlightenment.

Buddha taught four noble truths
The truths are:
dukkha or sorrow
suffering is an innate characteristic of existence

dukkha samudaya or cause of sorrow
cause of sorrow is desire

dukkha nirodha or prevention of sorrow
sorrow can be prevented by winning over desire

dukkha nirodh gaming pratipada magga or path of prevention of sorrow

sorrow can be avoided by following middle path
and leading life of moderation following Ashtang marg

So correct option is b