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Who built ancient pyramid of Giza(Egypt)?
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Who built ancient pyramid of Giza(Egypt)?
**The Ancient Pyramids of Giza: A Marvel of Ancient Engineering**
The ancient Pyramids of Giza, located on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt, are one of the most iconic and awe-inspiring architectural wonders in the world. These monumental structures were built during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt, approximately 4,500 years ago. The Pyramids of Giza were constructed as tombs for the pharaohs, who were believed to be divine rulers in ancient Egyptian society.
**The Pharaohs and Their Monumental Tombs**
1. *The Pharaohs:* The pharaohs were the kings of ancient Egypt, considered both political and religious leaders. They were believed to be direct descendants of the gods and had immense power and authority over the land.
2. *The Belief in the Afterlife:* Ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife and the preservation of the body after death. They believed that the pharaohs would continue to rule in the afterlife and therefore required elaborate tombs to ensure their eternal existence.
**The Construction Process of the Pyramids**
1. *Planning and Design:* The construction of pyramids required meticulous planning and architectural knowledge. Skilled architects and engineers were involved in the design process, ensuring the structural integrity and grandeur of the pyramids.
2. *Building Materials:* The primary building material used for the pyramids was limestone, which was abundant in the surrounding areas. Enormous blocks of limestone were quarried and transported to the construction site using a combination of ramps, sledges, and possibly boats along the Nile River.
3. *Construction Techniques:* The construction techniques employed by the ancient Egyptians were remarkable considering the limited tools and technologies available at that time. The pyramids were built in a step-like fashion, consisting of multiple layers or steps, known as mastabas, which gradually reduced in size towards the top.
4. *Labor Force:* The construction of the pyramids required an enormous labor force. It is believed that thousands of skilled and unskilled workers, including laborers, craftsmen, and artisans, were involved in the construction process. These workers were likely organized into specialized teams, each responsible for specific tasks, such as quarrying, transporting, and placing the stones.
**Conclusion**
The ancient Pyramids of Giza stand as a testament to the remarkable architectural and engineering skills of the ancient Egyptians. These monumental tombs, built for the pharaohs, required meticulous planning, skilled labor, and advanced construction techniques. The pyramids continue to captivate the imagination of people around the world, serving as a lasting symbol of the grandeur and power of ancient Egypt.
The ancient Pyramids of Giza, located on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt, are one of the most iconic and awe-inspiring architectural wonders in the world. These monumental structures were built during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt, approximately 4,500 years ago. The Pyramids of Giza were constructed as tombs for the pharaohs, who were believed to be divine rulers in ancient Egyptian society.
**The Pharaohs and Their Monumental Tombs**
1. *The Pharaohs:* The pharaohs were the kings of ancient Egypt, considered both political and religious leaders. They were believed to be direct descendants of the gods and had immense power and authority over the land.
2. *The Belief in the Afterlife:* Ancient Egyptians believed in the afterlife and the preservation of the body after death. They believed that the pharaohs would continue to rule in the afterlife and therefore required elaborate tombs to ensure their eternal existence.
**The Construction Process of the Pyramids**
1. *Planning and Design:* The construction of pyramids required meticulous planning and architectural knowledge. Skilled architects and engineers were involved in the design process, ensuring the structural integrity and grandeur of the pyramids.
2. *Building Materials:* The primary building material used for the pyramids was limestone, which was abundant in the surrounding areas. Enormous blocks of limestone were quarried and transported to the construction site using a combination of ramps, sledges, and possibly boats along the Nile River.
3. *Construction Techniques:* The construction techniques employed by the ancient Egyptians were remarkable considering the limited tools and technologies available at that time. The pyramids were built in a step-like fashion, consisting of multiple layers or steps, known as mastabas, which gradually reduced in size towards the top.
4. *Labor Force:* The construction of the pyramids required an enormous labor force. It is believed that thousands of skilled and unskilled workers, including laborers, craftsmen, and artisans, were involved in the construction process. These workers were likely organized into specialized teams, each responsible for specific tasks, such as quarrying, transporting, and placing the stones.
**Conclusion**
The ancient Pyramids of Giza stand as a testament to the remarkable architectural and engineering skills of the ancient Egyptians. These monumental tombs, built for the pharaohs, required meticulous planning, skilled labor, and advanced construction techniques. The pyramids continue to captivate the imagination of people around the world, serving as a lasting symbol of the grandeur and power of ancient Egypt.
Community Answer
Who built ancient pyramid of Giza(Egypt)?
The Giza Pyramids, built to endure an eternity, have done just that. The monumental tombs are relics of Egypt's Old Kingdom era and were constructed some 4,500 years ago.
Egypt's pharaohs expected to become gods in the afterlife. To prepare for the next world they erected temples to the gods and massive pyramid tombs for themselves—filled with all the things each ruler would need to guide and sustain himself in the next world.
Pharaoh Khufu began the first Giza pyramid project, circa 2550 B.C. His Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza and towers some 481 feet (147 meters) above the plateau. Its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons.
Khufu's son, Pharaoh Khafre, built the second pyramid at Giza, circa 2520 B.C. His necropolis also included the Sphinx, a mysterious limestone monument with the body of a lion and a pharaoh's head. The Sphinx may stand sentinel for the pharaoh's entire tomb complex.
The third of the Giza Pyramids is considerably smaller than the first two. Built by Pharaoh Menkaure circa 2490 B.C., it featured a much more complex mortuary temple.
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Each massive pyramid is but one part of a larger complex, including a palace, temples, solar boat pits, and other features.
Building Boom
The ancient engineering feats at Giza were so impressive that even today scientists can't be sure how the pyramids were built. Yet they have learned much about the people who built them and the political power necessary to make it happen.
The builders were skilled, well-fed Egyptian workers who lived in a nearby temporary city. Archaeological digs on the fascinating site have revealed a highly organized community, rich with resources, that must have been backed by strong central authority.
It's likely that communities across Egypt contributed workers, as well as food and other essentials, for what became in some ways a national project to display the wealth and control of the ancient pharaohs.
Such revelations have led Zahi Hawass, secretary general of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities and a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, to note that in one sense it was the Pyramids that built Egypt—rather than the other way around.
Preserving the Past
If the Pyramids helped to build ancient Egypt, they also preserved it. Giza allows us to explore a long-vanished world.
"Many people think of the site as just a cemetery in the modern sense, but it's a lot more than that," says Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and Tufts University Egyptologist Peter Der Manuelian. "In these decorated tombs you have wonderful scenes of every aspect of life in ancient Egypt—so it's not just about how Egyptians died but how they lived."
Tomb art includes depictions of ancient farmers working their fields and tending livestock, fishing and fowling, carpentry, costumes, religious rituals, and burial practices.
Inscriptions and texts also allow research into Egyptian grammar and language. "Almost any subject you want to study about Pharaonic civilization is available on the tomb walls at Giza," Der Manuelian says.
To help make these precious resources accessible to all, Der Manuelian heads the Giza Archives Project, an enormous collection of Giza photographs, plans, drawings, manuscripts, object records, and expedition diaries that enables virtual visits to the plateau.
Picture of Nefertiabet, Khufu’s daughter, depicted on a relief found in her tomb in Giza
The pharaoh’s relatives, such as Nefertiabet, Khufu’s daughter—depicted on this relief found in her tomb in Giza—were buried beside the sovereign’s pyramid.
PHOTOGRAPH BY WERNER FORMAN, GTRES
Older records preserve paintings or inscriptions that have since faded away, capture artifacts that have been lost or destroyed, and unlock tombs not accessible to the public.
Armed with the output of the longest-running excavations ever at Giza, the Harvard-Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Expedition (1902-47), Der Manuelian hopes to add international content and grow the archive into the world's central online repository for Giza-related material.
Egypt's pharaohs expected to become gods in the afterlife. To prepare for the next world they erected temples to the gods and massive pyramid tombs for themselves—filled with all the things each ruler would need to guide and sustain himself in the next world.
Pharaoh Khufu began the first Giza pyramid project, circa 2550 B.C. His Great Pyramid is the largest in Giza and towers some 481 feet (147 meters) above the plateau. Its estimated 2.3 million stone blocks each weigh an average of 2.5 to 15 tons.
Khufu's son, Pharaoh Khafre, built the second pyramid at Giza, circa 2520 B.C. His necropolis also included the Sphinx, a mysterious limestone monument with the body of a lion and a pharaoh's head. The Sphinx may stand sentinel for the pharaoh's entire tomb complex.
The third of the Giza Pyramids is considerably smaller than the first two. Built by Pharaoh Menkaure circa 2490 B.C., it featured a much more complex mortuary temple.
TODAY’S
POPULAR STORIES
SCIENCECORONAVIRUS COVERAGE
FDA confirms Moderna’s vaccine is 94.1-percent effective; emergency approval expected this week
ANIMALS
Meet Phelan the rescue pup—now America’s fastest dog
SCIENCE
Who is really ‘first in line’ for the vaccine? It depends on your state.
Each massive pyramid is but one part of a larger complex, including a palace, temples, solar boat pits, and other features.
Building Boom
The ancient engineering feats at Giza were so impressive that even today scientists can't be sure how the pyramids were built. Yet they have learned much about the people who built them and the political power necessary to make it happen.
The builders were skilled, well-fed Egyptian workers who lived in a nearby temporary city. Archaeological digs on the fascinating site have revealed a highly organized community, rich with resources, that must have been backed by strong central authority.
It's likely that communities across Egypt contributed workers, as well as food and other essentials, for what became in some ways a national project to display the wealth and control of the ancient pharaohs.
Such revelations have led Zahi Hawass, secretary general of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities and a National Geographic explorer-in-residence, to note that in one sense it was the Pyramids that built Egypt—rather than the other way around.
Preserving the Past
If the Pyramids helped to build ancient Egypt, they also preserved it. Giza allows us to explore a long-vanished world.
"Many people think of the site as just a cemetery in the modern sense, but it's a lot more than that," says Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and Tufts University Egyptologist Peter Der Manuelian. "In these decorated tombs you have wonderful scenes of every aspect of life in ancient Egypt—so it's not just about how Egyptians died but how they lived."
Tomb art includes depictions of ancient farmers working their fields and tending livestock, fishing and fowling, carpentry, costumes, religious rituals, and burial practices.
Inscriptions and texts also allow research into Egyptian grammar and language. "Almost any subject you want to study about Pharaonic civilization is available on the tomb walls at Giza," Der Manuelian says.
To help make these precious resources accessible to all, Der Manuelian heads the Giza Archives Project, an enormous collection of Giza photographs, plans, drawings, manuscripts, object records, and expedition diaries that enables virtual visits to the plateau.
Picture of Nefertiabet, Khufu’s daughter, depicted on a relief found in her tomb in Giza
The pharaoh’s relatives, such as Nefertiabet, Khufu’s daughter—depicted on this relief found in her tomb in Giza—were buried beside the sovereign’s pyramid.
PHOTOGRAPH BY WERNER FORMAN, GTRES
Older records preserve paintings or inscriptions that have since faded away, capture artifacts that have been lost or destroyed, and unlock tombs not accessible to the public.
Armed with the output of the longest-running excavations ever at Giza, the Harvard-Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Expedition (1902-47), Der Manuelian hopes to add international content and grow the archive into the world's central online repository for Giza-related material.
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Who built ancient pyramid of Giza(Egypt)?
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