The correct answer is option 'D' - All of the above.

Explanation:
Earthquakes are natural disasters that can have devastating effects on both life and property. They occur when there is sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, causing the ground to shake. The immediate hazardous effects of an earthquake can be categorized into various factors, some of which are mentioned below:

**1. Ground Shaking:**
Ground shaking is one of the most common and immediate hazardous effects of an earthquake. It occurs due to the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface. The shaking can cause buildings, bridges, and other structures to collapse, leading to injuries and loss of life.

**2. Soil Liquefaction:**
Soil liquefaction is another hazardous effect that can occur during an earthquake. It happens when saturated soil loses its strength and behaves like a liquid, leading to the sinking or tilting of buildings and other structures. This phenomenon can cause significant damage to infrastructure and increase the risk of collapse.

**3. Fires:**
Earthquakes can also trigger fires, which can spread rapidly due to ruptured gas lines, electrical faults, or overturned heat sources. The shaking can disrupt gas and electrical connections, leading to leaks or short circuits that can ignite fires. These fires can cause further destruction and hinder rescue efforts.

**4. Avalanches:**
In mountainous regions, earthquakes can trigger avalanches. The seismic activity can destabilize slopes, causing snow, rocks, and debris to slide downhill. Avalanches can pose a significant threat to human settlements, infrastructure, and transportation routes.

**5. Tsunami:**
Underwater earthquakes can generate tsunamis, which are large ocean waves that can travel across vast distances. When an earthquake occurs beneath the ocean floor, it can displace a large amount of water, leading to the formation of a tsunami. These powerful waves can cause widespread damage and loss of life along coastal areas.

In conclusion, earthquakes can have immediate hazardous effects such as ground shaking, soil liquefaction, fires, avalanches, and tsunamis. These effects can cause extensive damage to life and property, making earthquakes one of the most destructive natural disasters.