Consider the following statements concerning earthquake waves: 1. Bod...
- The two types of earthquakes are body waves and surface waves. Waves that are generated from the release of energy at the focus travel through the body by moving in all directions. Hence, it is named body waves.
- Interaction between body waves and the rock’s surface generates a new set of waves. This is called surface waves. These waves move along the surface. Because these waves travel through materials that have different densities, the velocity changes.
- The density of the material is directly proportional to the velocity, that is, if the material is denser, the velocity is higher. There is a change in direction of the waves when they get reflected or refracted by materials with different densities.
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Consider the following statements concerning earthquake waves: 1. Bod...
Statement 1: Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the body of the Earth.
Body waves are seismic waves that propagate through the interior of the Earth. They are generated at the focus (the point where the earthquake originates) and travel in all directions through the body of the Earth. There are two types of body waves: P-waves (primary waves) and S-waves (secondary waves). P-waves are compressional waves that travel faster and can move through both solids and liquids. S-waves are shear waves that travel slower and can only move through solids.
Statement 2: The body waves interact with the surface rocks and generate a new set of waves called surface waves.
As the body waves interact with the surface rocks, they generate a new set of waves called surface waves. Surface waves are seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface. They are slower than body waves but have larger amplitudes. There are two types of surface waves: Love waves and Rayleigh waves. Love waves move in a horizontal, side-to-side motion, while Rayleigh waves cause both vertical and horizontal ground movement.
Statement 3: The denser the material, the lower is the velocity of these waves.
The velocity of seismic waves depends on the properties of the material they pass through. In general, denser materials have lower wave velocities. This is because the density of a material affects how quickly it can transmit the energy of the seismic waves. For example, P-waves travel faster in denser materials, such as solid rocks, while S-waves travel slower in denser materials. Surface waves also have lower velocities in denser materials.
Conclusion:
Based on the explanations above, statements 1 and 2 are correct. Body waves are generated at the focus and travel through the interior of the Earth, while surface waves are generated when body waves interact with surface rocks. Statement 3 is incorrect. The denser the material, the higher is the velocity of seismic waves, not lower.