Perception of various colors is possible in most mammals.

Explanation:

Mammals are a diverse group of animals that have evolved various adaptations to suit their ecological niches. One of these adaptations is the ability to perceive and distinguish different colors. While it is true that all vertebrates have some degree of color vision, the question specifically asks about the perception of various colors, which is more prevalent in mammals.

1. Color Vision in Vertebrates:
All vertebrates, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes, possess some form of color vision. However, the specific mechanisms and abilities vary among different groups.

2. Color Vision in Birds:
Birds, for example, have an excellent color vision and are known for their ability to perceive a wide range of colors. They have specialized photoreceptor cells called cones in their eyes that allow them to detect different wavelengths of light and discriminate between various hues.

3. Color Vision in Mammals:
In mammals, color vision is also present in many species, but the extent and range of color perception can vary. Most mammals have two types of cones, known as short-wavelength (blue) and long-wavelength (green) cones. This dichromatic color vision allows them to distinguish between blue and green colors but may not enable them to perceive the full spectrum of colors.

4. Primates and Color Vision:
Among mammals, primates, including humans, have the most developed color vision. Primates typically possess three types of cones, allowing them to perceive a wider range of colors, including red. This trichromatic color vision is the reason why humans can see a wide spectrum of colors and shades.

5. Other Mammals with Color Vision:
While not all mammals have trichromatic color vision, many species, such as dogs, cats, horses, and some rodents, do possess some degree of color perception. However, the range and intensity of colors they can perceive may be different from that of humans.

In conclusion, while color vision is present in all vertebrates, the perception of various colors is most prevalent in mammals. Among mammals, primates, including humans, have the most advanced color vision, but many other mammalian species also possess the ability to perceive and distinguish different colors to some extent.