Digambara School:

• Monks of the Digambara tradition do not wear clothes as this sect believes in complete nudity.
• Female monks wear unstitched plain white sarees and are called Aryikas.
• Digambaras follow all the five constraints (Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Aparigraha and Brahmacharya) as per the teachings of Mahavira, unlike Svetambaras.
• Bhadrabahu was an exponent of Digambara sect, and he moved to Karnataka along with his disciples after predicting a long famine.
• The earliest record of Digambara beliefs is contained in the Prakrit Suttapahuda of Kundakunda.
• Digambara Jains believe that women can't be Tirthankaras and that Malli was a man
• Monasticism rules are more rigid under Digambara School.

Statement Analysis:

1. Digambaras follow all the constraints except brahmacharya: This statement is incorrect. Digambaras follow five main constraints or vows known as Mahavratas, which include Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Aparigraha (non-attachment), and Brahmacharya (celibacy). Therefore, they do follow brahmacharya as a constraint.

2. Female monks are called Aryikas: This statement is correct. In Digambar Jainism, female monks are called Aryikas. They follow similar rules and practices as male monks, including wearing white clothing, practicing celibacy, and following other constraints.

Correct Answer:

The correct answer is option B, 2 only. Only the second statement is correct, while the first statement is incorrect.

Explanation:

Digambar Jainism is one of the major sects of Jainism, along with Shwetambar Jainism. Digambaras follow a strict code of conduct that includes various constraints and practices. Here is some additional information about Digambar Jainism and the two statements in the question:

Digambar Jainism:

- Digambar Jainism is a sect of Jainism that believes in the complete nudity of monks and nuns as a symbol of detachment from worldly possessions and pleasures.
- Digambaras believe that only men can achieve liberation or moksha, while women can only reach the highest level of spiritual attainment but cannot attain liberation.
- Digambaras follow five main constraints or vows known as Mahavratas, which include Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Aparigraha (non-attachment), and Brahmacharya (celibacy).

Statement 1:

The first statement in the question is incorrect. Digambaras do follow brahmacharya as a constraint. Celibacy is an essential part of Jain monastic life, and both male and female monks are expected to practice it. Therefore, the statement that Digambaras follow all the constraints except brahmacharya is not true.

Statement 2:

The second statement in the question is correct. Female monks in Digambar Jainism are called Aryikas. They are ordained by other female monks and follow similar rules and practices as male monks. Aryikas wear white clothing, practice celibacy, and follow other constraints like non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, and non-attachment.

Conclusion:

In summary, the correct answer to the question is option B, 2 only. Digambaras follow all five Mahavratas or constraints, including brahmacharya, and female monks in Digambar Jainism are called Aryikas.

Ans is b