Ashokan Inscriptions and Buddhism

Introduction:
Ashoka, also known as Ashoka the Great, was an emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent from 269 BCE to 232 BCE. He played a crucial role in spreading Buddhism throughout India and beyond. Ashoka left behind many inscriptions that provide insights into his interest in Buddhism and his efforts to propagate it.

Explanation:
The correct answer is option E, "All of the above." Let's examine each of the inscriptions mentioned to understand how they reveal Ashoka's interest in Buddhism.

1. Rummindei Pillar Inscription:
This inscription is located in Lumbini, Nepal, the birthplace of Lord Buddha. Ashoka visited this site and left an inscription expressing his reverence for Buddha and his desire to promote Dhamma (the teachings of Buddha). This inscription reveals Ashoka's personal connection to Buddhism and his commitment to its propagation.

2. Bhabhru Edict:
The Bhabhru Edict is one of the Rock Edicts of Ashoka. It is located in modern-day Chhattisgarh, India. This edict highlights Ashoka's belief in the moral principles of Buddhism, such as non-violence, respect for parents, and compassion towards all living beings. It reflects his efforts to establish a just and righteous society based on Buddhist principles.

3. Schism Edicts:
The Schism Edicts refer to a series of inscriptions found in various parts of India. These edicts were issued by Ashoka to address the divisions and conflicts within the Buddhist Sangha (monastic community). They emphasize Ashoka's role as a protector of the Sangha and his commitment to maintaining unity and harmony among Buddhist monks.

4. Nigalisagar Pillar Inscription:
The Nigalisagar Pillar Inscription is located in modern-day Nepal. It is one of the major inscriptions that reveal Ashoka's devotion to Buddhism. In this inscription, Ashoka declares his intention to spread Dhamma and promote the welfare of all beings. He also mentions his efforts to send missions to different regions to spread the teachings of Buddha.

Conclusion:
All of the mentioned Ashokan inscriptions - Rummindei Pillar Inscription, Bhabhru Edict, Schism Edicts, and Nigalisagar Pillar Inscription - reveal Ashoka's deep interest in Buddhism. They demonstrate his personal connection to Buddhism, his commitment to its principles, and his efforts to propagate the teachings of Buddha throughout his empire and beyond.